短链氯化石蜡分析方法、环境行为与健康效应的研究进展

Research Process on Analytical Methods,Environmental Behavior and Health of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins

氯化石蜡(chlorinated paraffins,CPs)是我国目前广泛应用在工业生产中的阻燃剂和增塑剂,其中短链氯化石蜡(short chain chlorinated paraffins,SCCPs)作为新污染物,因具有持久性、高毒性、长距离迁移特性和生物蓄积性等持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs)特性引起了国内外的关注,尤其是SCCPs的环境赋存对环境健康的危害亟需进一步研究.国内对SCCPs的研究集中在分析方法与环境行为等方面,对SCCPs的环境健康效应研究较少.本文总结了近年来SCCPs分析方法的研究进展,并对其环境健康效应进行了梳理.结果表明,SCCPs已被证实具有潜在的毒性效应,并且随着时间的推移,SCCPs在环境介质中的暴露浓度越来越高,因此SCCPs的环境外暴露对人体健康的潜在威胁越来越大.研究显示,我国尚未停止SCCPs的生产与使用,因此在我国“十四五”规划之际,应加快SCCPs分析方法的研究进程,利用高分辨质谱将SCCPs的分析方法规范与标准化,并且在研究SCCPs的环境行为、迁移转化机制与毒性效应的基础上,深入开展SCCPs人体暴露风险与健康效应评估的研究,建立有效的环境健康风险评价模型与机制.

Chlorinated paraffins(CPs)are widely used as flame retardant and plasticizer.As new organic pollutants,short chain chlorinated paraffins(SCCPs)have attracted tremendous attention due to their persistence,chronic toxicity,long-range transport potential and bioaccumulation potential.In particular,their potential impact on environmental health requires further study.However,so far,the research on SCCPs has mostly focused on their analytical methods and environmental behavior,while research on their environmental health effects is scarce.This paper reviews the development of analytical methods of SCCPs and thoroughly analyzes the environmental health effects of SCCPs.SCCPs have posed increasingly potential threats to human health with their rising environmental concentrations.However,China has no control policies on the production and usage of SCCPs.Therefore,by the time of the‘14th Five-Year Plan’,it is vital for us to accelerate the research process of SCCP analytical methods and to further investigate the environmental behavior,migration and transformation,and toxicity effects of SCCPs,so that we will be able to provide related reference and build a solid foundation for health risk assessment model and mechanism of SCCPs.