周遍义“一个两个”与“一个一个”的句法功能与分布限制

The Syntax of“Yigeliangge(一个两个)”and“Yigeyige(一个一个)”with Universal Reading

从形式句法的视角,遵循新描写主义研究路向,对汉语网络语言中新出现的周遍义“一个两个”的句法功能和分布限制进行细颗粒度描写,并将之与汉语量化词系统中已有的周遍义“一个一个”的句法进行比较。通过对BCC语料库中相关语料的分析,可以发现,周遍义“一个两个”经常单独用于主语位置,独立作论元;也可以用于“把”字句的宾语位置;大多要求量化副词“都”与之搭配;不能用于动词后常规宾语位置、定语位置、状语位置。其分布限制与周遍义“一个一个”既存在相似之处,又有所差别。周遍义“一个一个”可独立作主语,大多要求“都”出现;可用于定语位置;亦可作状语,表示“逐次”义。

This paper compares the syntactic distributions and constraints of“yigeliangge(一个两个)”and“yigeyige(一个一个)”with universal reading.The universal reading“yigeliangge(一个两个)”is new and mainly used by netizens in microblog,while“yigeyige(一个一个)”is already in the inventory of universal quantifiers in Mandarin Chinese.Analyzing the data elicited from the BCC corpus,the paper shows that the canonical syntactic position for both“yigeliangge(一个两个)”and“yigeyige(一个一个)”with universal reading is the subject position,where they often,but not always,co-occur with the quantificational adverb“dou(都)”.“Yigeliangge(一个两个)”and“yigeyige(一个一个)”quantify over a plural noun phrase which either overtly precede them or covertly supplied by the context.The universal“yigeliangge(一个两个)”cannot be used in the attributive position,while“yigeyige(一个一个)”can,with universal reading or large quantity reading.“Yigeliangge(一个两个)”cannot be used to modify the verb phrase.Syntactically,it cannot be placed to the right of the quantificational adverb“dou(都)”or the negation adverb“bu(不)”,while“yigeyige(一个一个)”can.When it modifies the verb phrase,“Yigeyige(一个一个)”tends to have the reading of one by one.