运动改善注意缺陷多动障碍儿童抑制功能的meta分析

A meta-analysis of the effect of exercise on inhibitory function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的:探讨运动对ADHD儿童抑制功能的影响。方法:检索Pubmed、Web of Science、the-Cochrane Library、EMbase建库至2021年5月有关运动对ADHD儿童抑制功能影响的文献,采用Reviewer Manager 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果:纳入11篇文献,共12项研究,研究对象累计644例。分析显示,运动对改善ADHD儿童抑制功能有积极影响(SMD=0.74,95%CI:0.36~1.11,P<0.001)。亚组分析显示,长期规律进行以开式运动技能为主、中至高强度运动的患儿,抑制功能的改善均优于对照组(SMD=0.84、0.95、0.56,95%CI:0.40~1.28、0.52~1.38、0.13~1.00,均P<0.05);小运动量(SMD=1.04,95%CI:0.35~1.72,P<0.01)和大运动量(SMD=0.57,95%CI:0.04~1.10,P<0.05)对患儿抑制功能的影响均优于对照组。结论:运动可改善ADHD儿童的抑制功能,开式动作技能为主的、中至高强度的长期规律运动可显著提升患儿的抑制功能。

Objective:To explore the effect of exercise on inhibitory function in attention deficit hyperactivi-ty disorder(ADHD) children.Methods:Retrieval PubMed, web of science, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE.Results:Eleven literatures and 12 studies were included, with a total of 644 subjects.The analysis showed that exercise intervention had a positive effect on the improvement of inhibitory function in ADHD children(SMD=0.74,95% CI:0.36-1.11,P<0.001).The results of subgroup analysis showed that the improvement of inhibitory function in children with open motor skills, medium to high intensity and long-term regular exercise was better than that in the control group(SMD=0.95,0.56,0.84,95% CI:0.52-1.38,0.13-1.00,0.40-1.28,Ps <0.05).The effects of small amount of exercise(SMD=1.04,95% CI:0.35-1.72,P<0.01) and large amount of exercise(SMD=0.57,95% CI:0.04-1.10,P<0.05) on the inhibitory function of children were better than those of the control group.Conclusion:Exercise can improve the inhibitory function of ADHD children.Long-term regular, open motor skill based, medium to high-intensity exercise can improve the inhibitory function of ADHD children significantly.