摘要
"意外考试"悖论中的一个重要问题是,老师宣告的意想不到的考试指的是什么,即我们如何解释"意外考试"或"意外"。实际上,导致"意外考试"悖论的根本原因就在于对"意外"的不恰当解释。为了防止走向确定论的阵营,我们将从心理层面上给予"意外"一种非确定论的解释,进而解决"意外考试"悖论的困境。当某件事的发生与主体在该事件发生之前某一时刻上的预期相悖,或者不在主体的预期之中时,我们称其为"意外"。关键在于,"意外"的发生总是针对主体在某个具体时刻上的预期或不预期而言的。对于"意外考试"悖论来说,不论老师所说的"意外考试"实际发生在哪一天,针对的都是学生在下周一之前某个时刻上的不预期。
One important issue raised by the surprising exam paradox is,what does the surprising exam declared by the teacher refer to. That is,how do we interpret the "surprising exam"or "surprise". In fact,the fundamental cause of the surprising exam paradox lies in the inappropriate interpretation of"surprise". In order to prevent moving towards the deterministic camp,we will give "surprise"a non-deterministic explanation and solve the surprising exam paradox from the psychological level. When something happens contrary to the subject’s expectation at a certain moment before the moment it occurs,or is not in the subject’s expectation,we call it a "surprise". The key point is that the occurrence of a"surprise"is always aimed at the subject’s expectation or unexpectedness at a specific moment. As far as the "surprising exam"announced by the teacher is concerned,no matter which day it will occur next week,it will be aimed at the student’s unexpectedness at a certain moment before next Monday.
作者
王雪君
郭佳宏
Wang Xuejun;Guo Jiahong
出处
《世界哲学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期152-159,F0003,共9页
World Philosophy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据背景下人工智能及其逻辑的哲学反思”(项目编号:19ZDA041)的阶段性成果。
