高等教育资源配置效率的实证研究——基于全国31个地区的DEA方法

An Empirical Study on the Efficiency of Resources Allocation in Higher Education:Based on the DEA Method in 31 Regions in China

优化高等教育资源配置是发挥好高等教育职能的关键因素,其配置状况及效率的高低制约着高等教育的发展。以2016-2018年全国高校相关数据为支撑,基于DEA方法对31个地区高等教育资源投入产出效率进行评价研究,通过探讨各地区高校教育资源配置效率的差异程度,对全国各地区进行聚类分析,发现全国大部分地区高等教育资源投入产出效率得到了显著的提升,但各地区间差异仍然存在,西南地区差异程度最为分散且变化较大。为解决当下困境,本研究从健全效率评价体系、树立差异化供给意识、挖掘地区特色三个方面提出优化我国高等教育资源配置的政策建议。

Optimizing the allocation of higher education resources is a key factor to give full play to the functions of higher education, and the allocation status and efficiency of higher education resources greatly affect the development of higher education. Based on the data of colleges and universities in China from 2016 to 2018, this paper uses the DEA method to evaluate and study the input-output efficiency of higher education resources in 31 regions. By discussing the degree of difference in the allocation efficiency of educational resources in colleges and universities in various regions, and conducting a cluster analysis on various regions in China, this paper finds that the input-output efficiency of higher education resources in most regions in China has been significantly improved, but differences between different regions still exist and the differences in southwest area in China are most scattered and vary greatly. In an attempt to solve the current problems, this paper puts forward policy suggestions for optimizing the allocation of higher education resources from three aspects: improving the efficiency evaluation system,establishing the awareness of differentiated supply, and exploiting regional characteristics.