基于电磁超表面的轨道角动量天线技术综述

Overview of orbital angular momentum antenna technology based on artificial metasurface

电磁超表面是一种由亚波长电磁超材料单元周期性或非周期性排列构成的平面阵列结构,这种结构具有非常强大的空间电磁波调控能力,是天线领域的新兴研究方向。近年来,人们开始关注轨道角动量(OAM, Orbital Angular Momentum)在无线通信技术中的应用,以缓解频谱资源需求增长带来的压力。基于超表面构建的OAM无线通信系统具有设计简洁、灵巧轻便的特点,目前正是该领域的研究热点。本文主要就近期超表面OAM无线通信天线技术的研究进展,按照三个部分进行梳理总结。首先是OAM无线通信发展的简要介绍。其次是基于超表面的OAM无线通信天线关键技术研究进展综述,包括基于无源、有源超表面的涡旋波天线技术等。最后,本文对其今后的发展方向做出展望。

Artificial metasurface is a planar array structure composed of periodic or aperiodic arrangement of sub wavelength electromagnetic metamaterial units. This structure has a very strong ability to regulate spatial electromagnetic waves, regarded as a new direction of antenna design. In recent years, increasing attention is paid to the application of orbital angular momentum(OAM) in wireless communication technology to alleviate the pressure caused by growth of demand. OAM wireless communication system based on metasurface has the characteristics of simple design, dexterity and portability, for which at present, it has become a research hotspot in this field. This paper summarizes the recent research progress of metasurface OAM wireless communication antenna technology according to three parts. The first is a brief introduction to the development of OAM wireless communication and metasurface. The second is about the research progress of key technologies of OAM wireless communication antenna based on metasurface, including vortex wave antenna technology based on passive and active metasurface. Finally, this paper discusses the direction of its future development.