乡村小规模学校高质量发展:国外经验与启示

High Quality Development of Rural Small-scale Schools:Foreign Experience and Enlightenment

乡村小规模学校是乡村教育的重要组成部分,也是我国教育发展的难点。推动乡村小规模学校高质量发展是乡村振兴背景下阻断贫困代际传递的治本之策,也是实现教育优质均衡发展的关键。当前乡村小规模学校高质量发展面临的困境具体表现为:专任教师结构性缺员,教师流失率高;教师课堂教学能力不足,专业提升缺乏引领;课程开发缺乏支持,难以形成本土特色;生源持续减少,家校合力不足;学校管理缺少专业性,管理行为随意性强。国外经验可以为我国乡村小规模学校的高质量发展和乡村教育质量的提升提供启示。建设高素质小规模学校教师队伍、激发小规模学校内生发展、构建家-校-社教育共同体是促进乡村小规模学校高质量发展的重要策略。

Rural small-scale schools are not only an important part of rural education,but also a difficult point in China’s educational development.Promoting the high-quality development of rural small-scale schools is a fundamental solution to prevent intergenerational transmission of poverty under the background of rural revitalization,it is also the key to achieve the balanced development of high-quality education.At present,the difficulties facing the high-quality development of rural small-scale schools are embodied in the structural shortage of full-time teachers and the high teacher turnover rate;the teaching competence of teachers is inadequate and the professional advancement lacks guidance;the curriculum development is lack of support,hence,it is difficult to form the local characteristics;the number of students continues to decrease and the home-school combining power is insufficient.The school management is short of professionalism,management behaviors are usually at random and so on.However,foreign experience can provide enlightenment for the high-quality development of rural small-scale schools in China and the improvement of rural education quality.Therefore,we should build teaching teams with high-quality of rural small-scale schools,stimulate the endogenous development of these schools and construct the home-school-community education community,all of this are the important strategies to promote the high-quality development of rural small-scale schools.