大众滑雪损伤特征与评价--“三亿人参与冰雪运动”安全助力

Patterns and Evaluation of Recreational Skiing Injury

为助力“三亿人参与冰雪运动”的目标实现,研究对大众滑雪损伤发生、损伤特征、损伤程度进行考察,旨在提高对滑雪安全的科学认知。研究发现,大众滑雪损伤发生率有三种常用评价方法,与竞技滑雪损伤评价率略有差异;损伤特征显示高山滑雪以下肢损伤居多,单板滑雪以上肢肩、肘、腕部损伤居多;骨折一直是较严重的损伤类型,且多年来骨折发生率没有明显下降;AIS和ISS是评价大众滑雪损伤程度常用方法,双板滑雪损伤严重程度高于单板。建议未来参照国际通用评价标准对大众滑雪损伤进行研究,并从安全预警、监管、教育、法规、救援、保险等层面促进我国大众滑雪安全管理和行业健康发展。

In order to achieve the goal of“300 Million People Participating in Winter Sports”,the study investigated the occurrence,characteristics and eval⁃uation of skiing injuries to improve the scientific cognition of skiing safety.Research found that there are three international common methods to describe the injury rate of recreational skiing,and have slight differences in the description of competitive skiing.The injury characteristics showed that alpine skiing has more injuries to the lower limbs,while snowboarding has more injuries to the upper shoulders,elbows and wrists.Fracture has always been a serious injury type,and the injury rate has not decreased significantly over the years.AIS and ISS are common methods to evaluate the severity of recreational skiing injury;the overall severity of injuries is higher in alpine skiing than in snowboarders.It is suggested that we should use international standards to analyze domestic skiing injury,and promote the construction of China's recreation skiing safety management system from the safety warning,supervision,education,regula⁃tions,rescue,insurance and other aspects.