摘要
物理学定律之一的相对性原理从任意惯性系看来的一致性最先由H.Poincarè推介,而Lorentz变换(LT)体现该原理,但H.Lorentz于1904年发表的相对性思想是在以太存在性之下得出的。1905年Einstein发表了著名论文,其中有一个公设——光速不变性原理,由此认为不需要以太,亦即用不着一个优先的参考系。后来的讨论总包含下述问题:Einstein的狭义相对论(SR)和改进的Lorentz理论(MOL),哪个更好地描述自然界?这两者的主要区别在于,SR认为所有惯性系都是平权、等效的,而MOL认为存在优先的参考系。多年来的众多研究讨论显示,SR存在逻辑上的不自洽,亦缺少真正确定的实验证实。由此可以理解欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)的著名科学家John Bell在1985年所说的话":我想回到Einstein之前,即Pioncarè和Lorentz"。这实际上是说SR是不正确的。现在我们应重新审视1905年Einstein以光速不变假设为基础的关于同时性的定义——当光信号由位置A传到位置B,并立即返回到A,则有时间关系式t_(B)-t_(A)=t_(A)′-t_(B)。……但在2009年林金团队发表一篇论文,报道他们对Einstein光速不变假设的判决性实验检验,它是在中国科学院国家授时中心的高精度TWSTT(双向卫星时间传递)设施上完成的。通过对比单程光信号同时性定义和双程光信号同时性定义的测量机制证明:在有相对运动的情况下双程光信号中的"往"和"返"两个单程信号通过的时间必然是不相等的,因此t_(B)-t_(A)≠t_(A)′-t_(B)。在航天技术帮助下,林金教授证明了光速不变理论的错误。SR的逻辑基础是相对主义,会造成原理上的悖论。产生的各种悖论质疑了SR的自洽性,最著名的一个是P.Langevin于1911年提出的双生子佯谬。本文对时空一体化提出批评,相对论正是建筑在space-time概念的基础上。但space-time的意思是什么?人们其实并不知道。Minkowski建议了一个4维矢量,把时间与3维空间搞在一起。这种处理在数学表达上有优点,但与物理实际相悖。space-time在计量学和SI制中都不存在,并且没有可测性。把空间矢与时间矢相加根本不可能,没有任何意义!从根本上讲,时间与空间不能混合在一起。基于上述理由,我们认为Einstein的狭义相对论是不正确的。
The principle of relativation,that is the law of physics,should the same as viewed from any inertial frame,was popularized by H.Poincarè,the Lorentz transformation(LT)embody that principle,when H.Lorentz adopted them for his own theory of relativity,first published in 1904 in an ether existence.In 1905,A.Einstein published his famous paper,that the speed of light will be locally the same for all observers regardless or their own state of motion,this did away with the need of ether,i.e.a preferred frame of reference.The ensuring years saw much discussion of whether nature was more like Einstein’s special relativity(SR)or modified-theory of Lorentz(MOL),the principal differences between the two relativity theories stem from the equivalence of all inertial frames in SR,and the existence of a preferred frame in MOL.From the more discussions of view,SR is logically inconsistent,also does not have sure experimental evidence.Therefore.in 1985 the famous scientist of CERN,John Bell said:"I hope return the states before Einstein.i.e.return to Poincarèand Lorentz".This situation means that the SR is wrong.Now,we must re-examine the definition of simultancity proposed by Einstein in 1905,it based upon the postulate of the light speed constancy——when the light signal from position A propagate to position B,and soon back to A,the relation of time is t_(B)-t_(A)=t_(A)′-t_(B)……But in the year 2009,LIN Jin et.al.published an article for the crucial experiment in order to checking Einstein’s postulate of the light speed constancy.It was performed at the high precision TWSTT(Two Way Satellite Time Transfer)facility of the National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences.By comparison the measurement mechanisms of one way light signal simultancity and"toand-fro"two way light signal simultancity,the principle of the crucial experiment has proved:if there exists relative motion,the"uplink"and"downlink"light signal passage times of the"to-and-fro"two way light signal are not equal,so that t_(B)-t_(A)≠t_(A)′-t_(B).By means of space technology,Prof.LIN was proved that the theory of light speed constancy is wrong.The SR is based on the logical foundation of relativtism,so it will lead to violate the principles and contraction.Various paradoxes have been raised to question the consistency of SR,the most famous one is the twin paradox by P.Langevin in 1911.In this paper,we critice the time-space integration.The theory of relativity is based entirely on the unique concept of space-time,but what does this space-time mean?In fact,people do not really understand space-time.Minkowski proposed the concept of a four-dimensional vector,which adds time to the three-dimensional space as a whole.This treatment has certain advantages in mathematical expression,but it violates physical reality.Space-time does not exist in metrology and SI system,and space-time does not have measurable characteristics.It is a lack of rationality to artificially construct a new parameter with different dimensions of physical quantity.Adding a space vector to a time vector is virtually impossible and meaningless!Fundamentally speaking,time and space should not be mixed up together.For these reasons,we believe that the special relativity of Einstein is not correct.
作者
黄志洵
HUANG Zhi-Xun(Communication University of China,Beijing 100024)
出处
《中国传媒大学学报(自然科学版)》
2021年第5期71-82,共12页
Journal of Communication University of China:Science and Technology
关键词
狭义相对论
光速不变原理
相对主义
时空一体化
special relativity
principle of light speed constancy
relativitism
time-space integration