肠-肝轴:肠道微生态与动物肝脏疾病

Gut-liver axis: gut microecology and animal liver disease

肠道微生态平衡对于肠-肝轴稳态至关重要,一方面肠道微生物影响着肝脏功能,另一方面肝脏亦塑造了肠道微生物组成。一旦肠道菌群紊乱打破肠-肝轴平衡,便可以造成肠黏膜屏障受损以及细菌性产物移位,进而加剧肝脏炎症及损伤,最终引发多种肝脏疾病。近年来,越来越多的研究成果表明,动物肝脏疾病和肠道微生物的关系密切。现基于肠-肝轴综述近年来肠道微生物影响动物肝脏疾病的相关机制研究进展及益生菌的治疗前景,以期为肝脏疾病的防治提供新的思路与干预手段,并为益生菌产品的开发和在畜牧生产中的应用提供理论依据。

Intestinal microecological balance is crucial for the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis.On the one hand, intestinal microbiota affects liver function.On the other hand, the liver also shapes intestinal microbiota.Intestinal microbiota disorder breaks the balance of the gut-liver axis, which can cause intestinal mucosal barrier damage and bacterial products translocation, and then aggravate liver inflammation and damage, leading to a variety of liver diseases.In recent years, more and more studies have shown that liver diseases are closely related to the intestinal tract and its microorganisms.Based on the gut liver axis, this paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism of intestinal microorganisms affecting animal liver diseases and the prospect of probiotics treatment in recent years, in order to provide new ideas and intervention methods for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, and provide theoretical basis for the development of probiotics products and the application in animal husbandry.