政策扩散中“政策再创新”的生成路径与内在逻辑——基于16个案例的定性比较分析

Formation Path and Internal Logic of “Policy Re-Innovation” in Policy Diffusion:A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 16 Cases

公共政策在扩散过程中可能发生变化,由此产生了"政策再创新"这一政策扩散研究的重要议题。借鉴组织社会学相关理论,可以从组织内部因素、组织外部环境和组织间关系三个维度构建政策扩散中政策再创新问题的分析框架。运用清晰集定性比较分析方法对16个案例进行的研究发现,政策再创新存在"权威引导型"和"自主优化型"两种生成路径,合规性逻辑在其中都发挥着重要作用。同时,地方政府之间的竞争是政策扩散中政策再创新的内在驱动力,对合规性的追求则是政策再创新的重要逻辑。在此基础上,可以用"创新擂台赛"概念对政策再创新的生成路径进行整合,从而更好地呈现地方政府进行政策再创新的行为逻辑。对创新"擂台赛"机制的考察有助于厘清政策扩散中政策再创新的生成路径和内在逻辑,也为理解地方政府竞争的行为逻辑提供了新的思路。

Public policies may change during the process of policy diffusion, which has led to the "policy reinnovation", an important issue in policy diffusion research. Drawing on the relevant theories of organizational sociology, the analysis framework of policy re-innovation in policy diffusion can be constructed from the three dimensions of organizational internal factors, organizational external environment, and inter-organizational relationships. On this basis, this paper uses Crisp-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis as the research method to analyze 16 cases and finds that, there are two paths can promote policy re-innovation, named authority-guidance and self-optimizing respectively, among which the logic of compliance plays a significant role. What’s more, the internal driving force of policy re-innovation is local government competition. Therefore, this paper combines the two paths and defines it as "The Arena Contest of Innovation", so as to present the action logic of local governments in a better way. By studying the changes of policies of different types in the process of diffusion, this paper provides reference to how to promote the re-innovation and diffusion of advanced experience,thus improving national governance and also having a better understanding of the connotation of Governance in China.