由内而外的城市社区更新何以可能?——以X社区更新治理为例

How is It Possible to Renew Urban Communities from the Inside Out?——Taking X Community Renewal Governance as an Example

探明城市社区更新治理中共同生产的影响因素及路径机制,以期实现由内而外的城市更新意义重大。本文借助扎根理论剖析X社区更新治理的共同生产机制。研究发现:共同生产机制由党建引领、治理资源、多主体力量、信任塑造、互动机制所构成,并产生5个命题,但构念间的关系随着更新治理阶段变化而有所不同。共同生产受到内外部因素的影响,以居民参与为代表的内部因素需要在以党建引领为主的外部影响下才能发挥作用,因而随着内外影响的顺序而先后呈现资源保障、诱导引致、自发生成等特征。与此同时,以人为核心的内在更新同为共同生产的基础和价值追求。因此,更新治理需要坚持共同生产,将居民投入型参与作为主要动力,引导居民从"被安排"的对象转变为主动参与的生产者。本文的贡献在于将共同生产关键要素纳入动态时序,丰富了共同生产理论要素的关系联结,打破了静态下更新治理对于资源依赖、主体需求的单一性缺陷,拓展了共同生产的理论空间。

The objective of this paper is to explore and illustrate the dynamic mechanism of co-production in urban community renewal governance. This paper use grounded theory to analyze an exploratory single case study, involving a typical old community in Chongqing, China. Co-production achieves the goal of renewal from the inside out, i.e., the improvement from human citizenship to the external environment. The co-production mechanism is composed of party construction guidance, governance resources, multi-agent forces, trust shaping,and interaction mechanism, resulting in five propositions. The relationship between constructs varies with the renewal governance stage. Co-production is affected by internal and external factors. The internal factors represented by residents’ participation can play a role only under the external influence dominated by party construction guidance. Therefore, with the order of internal and external influence, the characteristics of resource guarantee, induction, and spontaneous generation appear successively. At the same time, the internal renewal with people as the core is the basis and value pursuit of co-production. The key limitation of the study is that it is not conducted confirmatory research on the proposed proposition through large sample quantitative research or qualitative comparative analysis. Renewal governance needs to adhere to co-production, take residents’ input participation as the main driving force, and guide and mobilize residents from "arranged" objects to actively participating producers. Combining the community status and residents’ characteristics, building an efficient co-production mechanism is an effective path for policymakers to renewal governance from the inside out. This paper extends the research findings of co-production in the field of renewal governance. The question of urban community renewal is embedded in the theory of co-production. By analyzing the logic of co-production contained in the case, the relationship model of co-production theory is constructed. Bringing the key elements of co-production into dynamic time series enriches the relationship between the elements of co-production theory. This paper breaks the single defect of static renewal governance on resource dependence and subject demand. This paper expands the theoretical space of co-production in the comparative analysis with relevant research.