中老年人群碘营养水平与甲状腺疾病的流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of iodine nutrition level and thyroid diseases among middle-aged and elderly people

目的调查杭州淳安县中老年人群碘营养水平及其与甲状腺疾病的流行病学的相关性,为甲状腺疾病的预防提供理论基础。方法选择2019年1月—2020年1月杭州淳安县中老年人763例作为研究对象,根据碘营养水平进行分组,对比不同碘营养水平的甲状腺疾病患病率。结果杭州淳安县中老年人763例中,碘不足组共189例(24.77%),碘适量组共317例(41.55%),碘过量组共128例(16.78%),碘超量组共129例(16.91%);共检出甲状腺功能亢进17例,检出率为2.23%;甲状腺功能减退102例,检出率为13.37%;甲状腺肿30例,检出率为3.93%;其他42例,检出率为5.50%。不同碘营养水平的甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺肿及其他甲状腺疾病对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论杭州淳安县中老年人群甲状腺疾病患病率较高,应加强甲状腺疾病的防治健康教育,积极开展常规检查,这对于降低甲状腺疾病的发生率具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the level of iodine nutrition in middle-aged and elderly people in Chun’an County, Hangzhou and its correlation with the epidemiology of thyroid diseases, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of thyroid diseases.Methods From January 2019 to January 2020,763 cases of middle-aged and elderly patients in Chun’an County, Hangzhou were selected as the research objects, they were grouped and their thyroid diseases were compared according to the level of iodine nutrition.Results Among the 763 middle-aged and elderly patients in Chun’an County, Hangzhou, 189 cases(24.77%) had insufficient iodine, 317 cases(41.55%) had adequate iodine, 128 cases had excess iodine(16.78%),and 129 cases had more than adequate iodine(16.91%);17 cases of hyperthyroidism were detected, with a detection rate of 2.23%;102 cases of hypothyroidism, with a detection rate of 13.37%;30 cases of goiter, with a detection rate of 3.93%.There was no statistically significant difference in hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter and other thyroid diseases with different levels of iodine nutrition(P>0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid diseases of middle-aged and elderly people in Chun’an County of Hangzhou is relatively high.Therefore, strengthening health education on the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases and actively carrying out routine examinations are of great significance to reduce the incidence of thyroid diseases.