不同产地玫瑰花氨基酸成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of amino acid components in Rosa rugosa Thunb.from different regions

目的建立测定玫瑰花氨基酸成分的超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,UPLC-TQ/MS),为不同产地玫瑰花溯源和品质评价提供思路。方法采用UPLC-TQ/MS结合多元统计学方法对7个产地50批玫瑰花样品中的20种氨基酸类成分进行定量分析与聚类分析(hierarchical clustering analysis,HCA)、主成分分析(principal componentsanalysis,PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法分析(orthogonal partial least squares discrimin antanalysis,OPLS-DA)。结果玫瑰花中含有丰富的氨基酸类成分,包括8种人体必需氨基酸,其中谷氨酸(glutamic acid,Glu)、天冬酰胺(asparagine,Asn)、酪氨酸(tyrosine,Tyr)、丝氨酸(serine,Ser)等含量较高,焦谷氨酸(pyroglutamic acid,Pyr)、亮氨酰-缬氨酸(leucoyl-valine,Leu-Val)、甲硫氨酸(methionine,Met)和γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)含量较低。不同产地玫瑰花氨基酸含量差异较大。HCA、PCA和OPLS-DA结果显示,相同产地玫瑰花品质相似,不同产地品质差异较大。从氨基酸成分角度综合评价,四川双流和河北围场的玫瑰花品质较好。OPLS-DA结果进一步显示Asn、Glu、谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)、Ser为不同产地玫瑰花的主要差异成分,提示不同产地诸多生态因子可能主要干预玫瑰花中Asn、Glu、Gln、Ser的形成与积累,从而造成品质差异。结论本研究首次建立不同产地玫瑰花中氨基酸类成分的分析方法,结果可为玫瑰花产地溯源、质量控制与品质评价提供有益参考。

Objective To establish a method for the determination of amino acids in Rosa rugosa Thunb.by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-TQ/MS),and provide ideas for the traceability and quality evaluation of R.rugosa Thunb.from different origins.Methods The quantitative analysis,hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)of the 20 kinds of amino acids in 50 batches of R.rugosa Thunb.from 7 regions were carry out by UPLC-TQ/MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis.Results R.rugosa Thunb.was rich in amino acids including 8 kinds of essential amino acids,the content of glutamic acid(Glu),asparagine(Asn),tyrosine(Tyr)and serine(Ser)was higher,while the content of pyroglutamic acid(Pyr),leucoyl-valine(Leu-Val),methionine(Met)andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)was lower.The content of amino acids in R.rugosa Thunb.from different regions was quite different.HCA,PCA and OPLS-DA results showed that the qualities of R.rugosa Thunb.from the same region were similar,but the qualities of R.rugosa Thunb.from different regions varied greatly.The qualities of R.rugosa Thunb.from Shuangliu and Weichang were better according to the comprehensive evaluation of the composition of amino acids.OPLS-DA results further showed that Asn,Glu,glutamine(Gln)and Ser were the major differential components of R.rugosa Thunb.from different regions,suggesting that many ecological factors from different regions might mainly interfere with the formation and accumulation of Asn,Glu,Gln and Ser in R.rugosa Thunb.,resulting in quality differences.Conclusion In this study,the UPLC-TQ/MS established for the first time for the analysis of amino acids in R.rugosa Thunb.from different regions,which can provide useful reference for the traceability and quality control of R.rugosa Thunb.