马齿苋叶片功能性状密度效应的研究

Study on Effects of the Density on Leaf Functional Characters of Portulaca oleracea

目的:探究马齿苋种植密度对叶片功能性状的影响。方法:分别设置绝对密度、相对密度两组实验,即绝对密度[A(10株/m^(2)),B(20株/m^(2)),C(30株/m^(2)),D(40株/m^(2)),E(50株/m^(2)),F(60株/m^(2)),G(70株/m^(2)),H(80株/m^(2))]、相对密度[a(100%),b(83.33%),c(71.43%),d(62.5%),e(55.5%)],测度各组马齿苋叶片功能性状(叶长、叶宽、叶质比、叶鲜重、叶绿素及叶形指数)的响应。结果:各处理组叶形指数对密度变化无显著性响应;绝对密度、相对密度对马齿苋其他各叶片功能性状有显著影响,各处理组叶长、叶宽、叶鲜重、叶质比、叶绿素、株鲜重、根冠比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。随着绝对密度的增大,叶长、叶宽、叶质比均表现为先下降、后上升的趋势;叶鲜重、株鲜重、根冠比大幅显著下降,叶绿素含量有所抑制。结论:密度变化时,马齿苋叶形指数较稳定;叶长、叶宽、叶质比呈现出适应性变化,叶鲜重显著受到抑制;最适绝对密度10株/m^(2),最适相对密度83.33%。

Objective:To explore the influence of Portulaca oleracea planting density on leaf functional characters for the optimal cultivation density.Methods:Two groups of experiments were set up,such as absolute density and relative density,and some treatments of different density gradient,absolute density were set up,that was A(10 plants/m^(2)),B(20 plants/m^(2)),C(30 plants/m^(2)),D(40 plants/m^(2)),E(50 plants/m^(2)),F(60 plants/m^(2)),G(70 plants/m^(2)),H(80 plants/m^(2)),relative density(a(100%),b(83.33%),c(71.43%),d(62.5%),e(55.5%)),to measure the response of leaf functional characters(leaf length,leaf width,leaf mass ratio,leaf fresh weight,chlorophyll and leaf shape index)of Portulaca oleracea.Results:The leaf shape indexes of treatments had no significant variation to respond to the densities.There were significant effects of different density on the functional characters indexes of Portulaca oleracea leaves among the treatments under absolute densities or relative density.The leaf length,width,fresh weight,mass ratio,chlorophyll of the treatments,fresh weigh of per plant and root shoot ratio had significant differences(P<0.05).With the increase of density,leaf length,leaf width and leaf mass ratio all showed a trend of declining first and then rising.The fresh weight of leave,fresh weigh of per plant and root shoot ratio fell sharply and the contents of chlorophyll were inhibited slightly.Conclusion:When the density changes,the leaf shape indexes of Portulaca oleracea were relatively stable under different density.However,the leaf length,leaf width and leaf mass ratio showed adaptive changes,and the leaf fresh weight was significantly inhibited.The optimum absolute density was 10 plants/m^(2),and the optimum relative density was 83.33%.