双一流工科高校发明专利转让特征研究

Research on the Characteristics of Invention Patent Transfer in Double First-class Engineering Universities

本文旨在发现工科高校技术转让规律,为该类高校专利管理与运营提供决策支持,进而提升我国高校技术成果转化水平,盘活无形资产,打通创新链与产业链。本文以“双一流工科高校”的发明专利为研究对象,使用大为Innojoy专利检索与分析平台获取了51所双一流工科高校1999年至2018年间的发明专利申请数据,分析了发明专利转让现状、转让专利时间特征、转让专利合作特征及转让专利去向特征,揭示了工科高校专利转让的规律。研究发现双一流工科高校的发明专利申请量逐年攀升,但整体转让率仅有3.2%,有较大的发展空间。已转让专利呈现出明显的规律性:近九成专利在申请后的7年内首次发生转让;整体维持年限呈偏正态分布并有右长尾;合作申请专利仅占12.14%,校企合作为核心合作申请模式;企业是双一流工科高校专利转让的最主要去向,且双一流工科高校技术助力于全国经济发展。

This study aims to discover the rule of technology transfer in engineering colleges and universities,in the hope of providing support for patent management and operation and improving the transformation rate of technological achievements in Chinese universities.This study takes the invention patents of double first-class engineering universities as the research object,and obtains application data of 51 double-class engineering universities from 1999 to 2018 via Innojoy Patent Search Database.It studies the status of transferred invention patents,the characteristics of patent time,the cooperation patterns and the technology flow path.Compared with the transfer rate of 3.2%,the growth rate of application is 31.3%from 1999 to 2018.It is necessary to pay more attention on patent transfer to achieve economic value of intangible assets.Nearly 90%of the patents are transferred for the first time within 7 years after application,and the overall maintenance period is skewed normal distribution and has a right long tail.Among the transferred patents,cooperative patent applications account for only 12.14%,and university-enterprise cooperation is the core cooperative application mode.The technology of these 51 universities contributes to the national economic development with enterprises as major patent assignees.