小胶质细胞在血管性认知损害中的作用

Role of microglia in vascular cognitive impairment

血管性认知损害(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)是血管危险因素或脑血管病引起的至少1个认知域受损的临床综合征,其发病机制迄今尚不完全明确。小胶质细胞是大脑固有免疫细胞,参与神经炎症、突触修剪、髓鞘再生、神经发生与连接等多个过程,与脑梗死、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、自闭症多种神经系统疾病的发生和发展有关。近年来研究表明,小胶质细胞在VCI的发展过程中发挥着重要作用。文章就小胶质细胞在VCI中的作用进行了综述。

Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)is a clinical syndrome with impairment of at least one cognitive domain caused by vascular risk factors or cerebrovascular diseases,and its pathogenesis is not completely clear so far.Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain.They participate in many processes such as neuroinflammation,synaptic pruning,myelin regeneration,neurogenesis and connection.They are associated with the occurrence and development of various neurological diseases such as cerebral infarction,Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and autism.Recent studies have shown that microglia play an important role in the development of VCI.This article reviews the role of microglia in VCI.