生熟两相——“熟”文化视角下以王澍与妹岛和世为代表的中日建筑文化比较

The Proficient and Newborn Cultural Comparison:Comparison Between Chinese and Japanese Architectural Culture Represented by Wang Shu and Kazuyo Sejima Under the Perspective of Proficient Culture

"熟"文化是催生日本独特的造物美学与精益设计的根源。本文从自然、禅宗、技艺和传承四个方面透析"熟"文化的成因源流,揭示其对于日本设计的根基性价值,并以日本当代建筑的"轻柔"倾向为例,探讨"熟"文化视野下的传承与创新的同一性。在此基础上,笔者选取材料、形式、机理、时间和生命五个最能体现自然观的关键性设计片断,展开以王澍与妹岛和世为代表的中日建筑文化比较,从中提炼出中国建筑的"生"文化特质以及潜藏于生熟两种文化面相背后的设计模式,作为完善本土设计观与方法论的经验借鉴,以期藏精于粗、寓熟于生。

The proficient culture is the root for Japan’s unique creation aesthetics and fine design.Through the dialysis of source and course of proficient culture from four aspects which are nature,Zen,skill and inheritance,this paper reveals its fundamental value to Japanese design,and takes the light and soft tendency of Japanese contemporary architecture for instance to clarify the identity between inheritance and innovation.On this basis,the author selects five key design pieces of material,form,mechanism,time and life that best reflect the view of nature for the comparison of Chinese and Japanese architectural culture represented by Wang Shu and Kazuyo Sejima to extract the newborn culture of Chinese architecture and design modes hidden behind the two cultures as the experience of perfecting local design view and methodology by hiding essence in coarse and living proficient skill in birth.