金属有机骨架材料的复合成型

Shaping Methods for Metal-Organic Framework Composites

金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)是由有机配体与金属离子(簇)配位而成的有序杂化多孔框架晶体材料,具有比表面积高、密度低、孔结构可调、配体可设计及易修饰等特性,已广泛应用于分离、催化、传感和药物递送等研究领域。MOFs本身以粉体形式存在,在实际应用中不易于加工处理和回收再利用,甚至会导致粉体污染。因此对MOFs粉末进行复合成型,制备成复合颗粒或者膜材料,有利于推进其工业应用。本文按照MOFs制备和成型的先后顺序,对MOFs复合微珠、薄膜和混合基质膜成型体的制备方法进行综述,对推进MOFs成型体的大规模制备以及开发新的MOFs成型方法提供技术参考。

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are porous crystal materials formed by the self-assembling between organic ligands and metal ions(clusters).With the advantages of high specific surface areas,low densities,adjustable pore structures and easy modification,they have been used in the research fields of separation,catalysis,sensing and drug delivery.MOFs are often isolated as tiny powders,and this form is not suitable for industrial applications due to operating problems,such as dirtiness,mass loss,and difficulties in recycling.To address this issue,several composite materials containing MOFs have been developed with various shaping methods.In this review,we discuss the preparation methods to shape MOFs into beads,thin films and membranes,as well as their potential industrial applications.This paper could provide a reference for developing novel methods for shaping of MOFs and techniques to fabricate large-scale MOF composites.