补充叶酸与兰州地区孕妇发生子痫前期风险的研究

Folic acid supplementation and preeclampsia risk of pregnant women in Lanzhou

目的调查兰州地区孕妇孕期各阶段补充叶酸与子痫前期发生的相关风险。方法回顾2010—2012年在甘肃省妇幼保健院建卡并随访到分娩结局的14591名孕妇为研究对象,以Logistic回归模型分析围孕期补充叶酸与子痫前期的关联性。结果30%的孕妇在怀孕前补充叶酸,可降低子痫前期的风险(OR值:0.70;95%可信区间:0.51~0.95)。37%的孕妇在妊娠前3个月补充叶酸,也可降低子痫前期的风险(OR值:0.55;95%可信区间:0.41~0.73)。26%孕妇从怀孕前到妊娠前3个月持续补充叶酸,降低子痫前期风险的效果与前两种孕妇相同(OR值:0.70;95%可信区间:0.51~0.97)。结论妇女在怀孕前、妊娠前3个月服用叶酸或者从怀孕前至妊娠前3个月持续补充叶酸可降低子痫前期的发病率。

Objective To study the risks associated with folic acid supplementation and preeclampsia in Lanzhou pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 14591 pregnant women who were enrolled in the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital from 2010 to 2012 and followed up to the delivery outcome.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between folic acid supplementation and preeclampsia during peri-pregnancy.Results The research results show that 30%of pregnant women supplement folic acid before pregnancy can reduce the risk of preeclampsia(OR value:0.70;95%confidence interval:0.51-0.95).Folic acid supplementation in the first trimester can also reduce the risk of preeclampsia(OR value:0.55;95%confidence interval:0.41-0.73).26%of pregnant women continued to supplement folic acid from before pregnancy to the first trimester,and the effect of reducing the risk of preeclampsia was the same as that of the first two pregnant women(OR value:0.70;95%confidence interval:0.51-0.97).Conclusion The incidence of preeclampsia can be reduced if women take folic acid before pregnancy,the first trimester or continue to supplement folic acid from before pregnancy to the first trimester.