高效除氟药剂对神东矿区含氟矿井水的处理研究

Treatment of fluoride-containing mine water from Shendong coalmine with high efficiency defluoridation agent

目前国内外关于含氟水的去除方法如沉淀法、吸附法等存在效率低、成本高等问题。文中制备了一种高效除氟药剂CFYJ-L-1,并探讨了各主要影响因素对废水除氟效果的影响。实验结果表明:在最佳实验条件为80r/min反应10min,出水pH=6.0,投加0.3mL质量分数为0.4%的1600万的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),80r/min反应1min,静置3min,上清液氟离子浓度均可稳定在1mg/L以下,出水浊度为2.4~3.57NTU。溶液中共存的Cl^(-)浓度为25~800mg/L、SO_(4)^(2-)浓度为25~800mg/L、SS的浓度为50~1000mg/L时,对水中氟离子去除效果没有显著影响。神东某煤矿的含氟矿井水的中试试验结果表明,在最优实验条件下处理后的出水氟浓度可稳定达到1mg/L以下,浊度可降至6~9NTU,对比现用的羟基磷灰石吸附为主体的处理工艺,具有处理工艺简单、处理效果稳定、处理成本低等优点。

At present,the methods for removal of fluorine-containing water,such as precipitation method and adsorption method,have problems of low efficiency and high cost.In this study,a highly effective fluoride removal agent CFYJ-L-1 was prepared,and the influence of main factors on the effect of fluoride removal from wastewater were discussed.The experimental results showed that under the optimal experimental conditions such as 80 r/min reaction for 10 minutes,pH=6.0,adding 0.3 mL of 16 million molecular weight anionic polyacrylamide(PAM)with a mass fraction of 0.4%,80 r/min reaction for 1 min,standing for 3 min,the fluorineion concentration in the supernatant was stable below 1 mg/L.Effluent turbidity was 2.4~3.57 NTU.When Cl^(-)concentration was 25-800 mg/L,SO_(4)^(2-)concentration was 25~800 mg/L and SS concentration was 50~1000 mg/L respectively,the removal effect of fluoride ion in wastewater was not significantly affected.The pilot test results of a coal mine in Shendong showed that under the optimal experimental conditions,the effluent fluoride concentration of coal mine water was stably below 1 mg/L,and the turbidity could be reduced to 6~9 NTU.Compared with the current main treatment process on site mainly based on hydroxyapatite adsorption,CFYJ-L-1 removal method had the advantages of simple treatment process,stable treatment effect and low treatment cost.