两种患病金针菇培养料中细菌群落多样性及结构分析

Diversity and Structure of Bacterial Communities in Cultivation Substrates of Two Kinds of Diseased Flammulina filiformis

通过微生物多样性测序技术分析两种患病(菌丝生长迟滞病及幼蕾腐烂病)金针菇(Flammulina filiformis)培养料中细菌群落多样性变化情况。结果表明:从菌丝到幼嫩子实体阶段,金针菇培养料中细菌群落多样性逐渐降低,优势菌属存在差异;与正常培养料比较,同时期患病金针菇培养料中细菌群落多样性显著降低,且优势菌群发生较大变化。优势菌属互作关联网络分析结果表明病原细菌对培养料中的其他细菌存在抑制作用,菌丝生长迟滞病样品中假单胞杆菌属(Pseudomonas)细菌抑制其他细菌生长;在幼蕾腐烂病样品中,节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)细菌主要抑制拟无枝酸菌属(Amycolatopsis)细菌生长,假单胞杆菌属细菌间接抑制白色杆菌属(Leucobacter)、原绿球菌属(Prochlorococcus)和伪假苍黄菌属(Pseudoclavibacter)细菌生长,节杆菌属和假单胞杆菌属细菌之间存在间接的负相关关系。研究结果有助于了解金针菇不同生长发育阶段培养料中细菌群落结构以及金针菇病害发生与培养料细菌群落多样性之间的相关性,建立基于微生物多样性监测的病害发生预警机制。

Using microbial diversity sequencing technology, bacterial communities in cultivation substrates of two kinds of diseased Flammulina filiformis, mycelial sluggish growth disease during mycelial growth and young fruiting body blight disease during fruiting body development, were analyzed. The results showed that bacterial diversity in cultivation substrates gradually decreased from mycelial growth to fruiting body development, and their dominant bacteria were different. Compared with normal substrate, substrates of diseased F. filiformis showed a significant decrease in bacterial diversity and different dominant bacteria. The correlation network of dominant bacteria at the genus level showed that the pathogenic bacteria inhibited other bacteria in the cultivation substrates of the diseased F. filiformis. In the substrate samples of mycelial sluggish growth disease, the genus Pseudomonas inhibited the growth of other bacteria in the community. In the substrate samples of young fruiting body blight disease, the genus Arthrobacter mainly inhibited the growth of Amycolatopsis;and the genus Pseudomonas indirectly inhibited Leucobacter, Prochlorococcus and Pseudoclavibacter. There was an indirect negative correlation between Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas. These findings provided understandings on substrate bacterial community structures of F. filiformis at different developmental stages, and the relationship between incidence of bacterial diseases and substrate bacterial community diversity, and thus can be used to establish an early warning mechanism for disease occurrence based on microbial diversity.