铝用阳极焙烧炉节能工艺技术研究与实践

Research and practice of energy-saving process technology of baking furnace for electrolytic aluminum

通过对电解铝用阳极焙烧炉理论能耗的分析研究发现,焙烧炉节能的关键点在于生坯焙烧过程逸出的挥发分以及预热空气的利用率。针对降低焙烧炉能耗的关键点,研究开发焙烧炉节能工艺技术并进行实践。实践证明,科学合理的焙烧升温曲线是保证挥发分充分燃烧、降低外加燃料消耗的关键;预热空气的供给量直接影响外加燃料、逸出挥发分充分燃烧程度;采取动态负压、鼓风操作法,及时调整外加燃料供给量,使得火道内的燃料与氧气保持在最佳比例,使挥发分和燃料能充分完全燃烧,实现焙烧炉能耗降低;对于老龄焙烧炉而言,保温与密封非常重要,减少冷空气进入量、减少炉体表面散热损失,有利于提高焙烧炉热效率、降低能耗。

Through the analysis of the theoretical energy consumption of the anode baking furnace for electrolytic aluminum, it is found that the key to the energy saving of the baking furnace lies in the volatile matter that escapes from the green anode baking process and the utilization rate of preheated air. With respect to the key points of reducing the energy consumption of baking furnaces, the energy-saving technology of baking furnaces is studied, developed and put into practice. The practice has proved that a scientific and reasonable baking temperature-rising curve is key to ensuring the full combustion of volatiles and reducing the consumption of additional fuel;The supply of preheated air directly affects the degree of full combustion of the external fuel and escaped volatiles;The dynamic negative pressure and blast operations are adopted to timely adjust the amount of external fuel supply, so as to keep the fuel and oxygen in the fire channel at the best ratio, the volatile matter and fuel can be fully combusted, and the energy consumption of the baking furnace can be reduced;As for the aged baking furnace, both the heat preservation and sealing performance are very important. The reduced input of cold air and less heat loss from the furnace surface are conducive to improving the thermal efficiency of the baking furnace and reducing energy consumption.