致密储层孔隙结构研究综述

Research into the pore structure of tight reservoirs:A review

国家对油气资源需求日益剧增的背景下,油气田勘探开发的主战场由常规转向非常规领域,致密油气成为当今及未来非常规油气勘探开发的热点和重点。我国致密储层多为陆相沉积,横向连续性差、纵向非均质性强、岩性复杂、物性变化大,致使致密储层的孔隙结构难以有效表征。储层孔隙结构不仅影响油气赋存,还严重制约着油气渗流和高效开采。为有针对性地分析致密储层的孔隙结构特征,系统调研了致密储层孔隙结构评价手段的相关文献资料,梳理了半渗透隔板等间接测定法、铸体薄片等直接观测法、数字岩心法之后,剖析了致密储层孔隙结构测井评价方法,并探讨了各方法的适用性和优缺点,进而基于该领域的研究现状展望了其发展趋势。

With the increasing demand for oil and gas resources,the exploration and development of oil and gas fields have shifted from conventional to unconventional fields,and tight oil and gas reservoirs have become the current and future focus of the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas.Most of the tight reservoirs in China are continental sediments with poor lateral continuity,strong vertical heterogeneity,complex lithology,and large changes in physical properties.All these make it difficult to effectively characterize the pore structure of tight reservoirs.The pore structure of reservoirs not only affects the occurrence of oil and gas but also seriously restricts the seepage and efficient exploitation of oil and gas.To analyze the pore structure characteristics of tight reservoirs in a targeted manner,this study systematically investigates relevant literature on the assessment methods of pore structure of tight reservoirs and organizes indirect measurement methods such as semi-permeable plate,direct observation methods such as casting thin sections,and digital core method.Moreover,it dissects the logging-based assessment methods of the pore structure of tight reservoirs,explores the applicability,advantages,and disadvantages of these methods,and further proposes the development trend of pore structure study based on the current status.