城市土地利用效率测度及其影响因素——基于中国十大城市群的实证分析

Measurement and Influencing Factors of Urban Land Use Efficiency——An Empirical Analysis Based on ten Chinese Urban Agglomerations

城市群是当前及未来时期社会经济发展的集聚区,而提高城市土地利用效率是保障城市群经济高质量发展进程中对土地需求的关键之举。论文以10个城市群142个地级及以上城市为研究单元,采用SBM-Undesirable模型,实证分析了城市土地利用效率,在此基础上,构建面板Tobit模型,考察了金融深化、财政缺口对城市土地利用效率的影响。结果表明:(1)在考虑PM;作为非期望性产出的情况下,十大城市群土地利用综合效率整体偏低,2003-2017年效率均值最高的是成渝城市群,仅为0.711,而排在末位的是中原城市群,低至0.407。(2)从城市群总体样本来看,金融深化与土地利用效率呈现正"U"形关系,财政缺口与土地利用效率呈现正相关关系;从城市群分组样本来看,城市土地利用效率驱动因素存在差异。据此,国家在制定城市群发展战略时,应根据城市群自然资源禀赋、产业结构以及发展水平,给予城市群自身政策调整的空间,因地制宜实施差别化的土地利用政策,保障城市群高质量发展。

Urban agglomeration is the agglomeration of social and economic development in current and future periods, and improving the efficiency of urban land use is the key to ensuring the demand for land in the process of high-quality economic development of urban agglomeration.This article used the SBM-Undesirable model to empirically analyze the urban land use efficiency of 142 cities at prefecture level of ten urban agglomerations, on this basis, a panel Tobit model was constructed, and the impact of financial deepening and fiscal gap on urban land use efficiency was investigated, and the heterogeneity of impact effects was discussed through group regression.The results show that:(1)The overall land use efficiency of these ten urban agglomerations is generally low under the consideration of PM;as the undesired output.The highest average efficiency of urban agglomeration is the Chengdu-Chongqing between 2003 and 2017,which is only at 0.711.And the lowest one is the Central Plains urban agglomeration, only at 0.407.(2)From the overall results of urban agglomerations, the relationship between financial deepening and land use efficiency shows a positive"U"model, and the fiscal gap has a positive correlation with land use efficiency.There are obvious differences in the driving factors of land use efficiency from the group samples of urban agglomerations.Therefore, when formulating development strategies of urban agglomeration, the state should allow urban agglomerations to adjust policies to some extent according to their own natural resource endowment, industrial structure and development level, and implement differentiated land use policies in order to ensure the high-quality development of urban agglomerations.