基于本草古籍之大黄性味归经与功效研究

To Discuss Four Properties,Five Tastes,Meridian Tropism and Efficacy of Rhubarb Based on Ancient Herbal Books

通过查阅古代本草文献中大黄的记载,梳理大黄的性味归经与功效,归纳大黄的用药特点。大黄味苦性寒,主归胃、大肠经,具有攻积滞,行土郁,清火热,解热毒,凉血热,下瘀血,通经脉,祛痰湿,利水道,退黄疸,外用解毒消肿止痛之功效;主治脏腑积滞、痰热腑实、癥瘕积聚、痞满燥实、热结便秘、瘟疫发斑、阳狂谵语、痢下赤白、里急腹痛、口舌生疮、齿龈肿痛、湿热黄疸、小便淋漓、热毒疮痈、水火烫伤、瘀血诸证及血热妄行之各种出血证。从现代药理学角度分析,大黄具有泻下与止泻双向调节、保护胃及十二指肠黏膜、护肝利胆、保护胰腺细胞及功能、活血、止血、调节血脂、保护心脑血管、保护肾脏功能、抗炎抑菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等作用。

By referring to the records of rhubarb in ancient herbal literature,the four properties,five tastes,meridian tropism and efficacy of rhubarb were sorted out,and the medication characteristics of rhubarb were summarized.It is considered that it is bitter and cold,mainly belonging to the stomach and the large intestine.It has the effects of attacking the stagnation,purging fire for removing toxin,removing blood stasis,inducing diuresis and eliminating jaundice,external use can relieve swelling and pain.The main treatment of visceral stagnation,phlegm-heat and fu-organ,accumulation,piman disease,constipation,plague,madness symptoms,bowel complaint,abdominal pain,gingivitis,jaundice with damp-heat pathogen,gonorrheae,burn and scald,blood stasis and hemorrhage syndrome.From the perspective of modern pharmacology,it has two-way regulation of purgation and antidiarrheal,protecting gastric and duodenal mucosa,protecting liver and gallbladder,protecting pancreatic cells and functions,promoting blood circulation,hemostasis,regulating blood lipids,protecting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular,protecting renal function,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antiviral,antitumor,immune regulation and so on.