正念减压疗法在HIV感染孕妇中的应用效果研究

Observation on of mindfulness decompression therapy on HIV-infected pregnant women

目的探讨正念减压疗法对HIV感染孕妇不良情绪、自我效能、睡眠质量、抗病毒治疗依从性的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2020年1月期间确诊并在本院定期产检的60例HIV感染孕妇作为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组。所有入组对象均进行基础干预,研究组在上述基础上接受持续8周的正念减压干预训练。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、HIV/AIDS患者疾病管理自我效能量表(HIV-SE)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、美国社区艾滋病临床研究抗反转录病毒用药自陈式问卷(CPCRA)进行SAS、SDS、HIV-SE、PSQI和服药依从性调查,比较两组HIV孕妇上述指标的差异。结果干预前两组HIV感染孕妇均表现出较高的SAS、SDS和PSQI得分,较低的HIV-SE得分,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经过8周干预训练后,研究组SAS、SDS、PSQI得分均低于对照组[(36.46±3.72)vs.(49.31±4.13)、(37.53±4.63)vs.(50.16±3.82)、(6.74±0.92)vs.(10.44±1.32)],HIV-SE得分高于对照组[(46.53±7.72)vs.(32.14±6.34),P均<0.05],且研究组的相应测量指标在干预前后比较差异也有统计学意义[(53.14±6.45)vs.(36.46±3.72)、(56.79±6.32)vs.(37.53±4.63)、(13.87±2.07)vs.(6.74±0.92)、(29.45±5.12)vs.(46.53±7.72),P均<0.05]。研究组ART服药依从性明显好转[(86.00±8.17)vs.(98.57±3.19)],且高于对照组[(98.57±3.19)vs.(90.78±1.93),P<0.05]。结论正念减压疗法能够有效缓解HIV感染孕妇焦虑、抑郁不良情绪,提高自我效能,改善睡眠质量,进而提高ART服药依从性。

Objective To explore the effects of positive mindfulness decompression therapy on negative emotions,self-efficacy, sleep quality, and antiviral therapy compliance among HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods 60 HIVinfected pregnant women diagnosed with HIV from January 2018 to January 2020 who were undergoing regular check-ups in our hospital were selected as the research subjects and divided into two groups(the study group and the control group)using a random number table method. All subjects received the basic intervention. Subjects in the study group received 8 weeks of positive mindfulness decompression training. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS), HIV/AIDS Patient Disease Management Self-Efficacy Scale(HIV-SE), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), and American Community AIDS Clinical Research The antiretroviral drug self-reporting questionnaire(CPCRA) were used to conduct related surveys to compare the differences in the above indicators between the two groups of HIV-infected pregnant women. Results Before the intervention, both groups of pregnant women showed higher SAS, SDS, and PSQI scores, and lower HIV-SE scores. There was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, the scores of SAS, SDS, and PSQI in the study group were lower than those in the control group[(36.46±3.72)vs.(49.31±4.13),(37.53±4.63)vs.(50.16±3.82),(6.74±0.92) vs.(10.44±1.32)], and the scores of HIV-SE were higher than those in the control group [(46.53±7.72) vs.(32.14±6.34), all P<0.05]. The comparison of the study group before and after the intervention was statistically significant [(53.14±6.45) vs.(36.46±3.72),(56.79±6.32) vs.(37.53±4.63),(13.87±2.07)vs.(6.74±0.92),(29.45±5.12) vs.(46.53±7.72), all P<0.05]. The study group’s compliance with antiretroviral therapy improved markedly[(86.00±8.17) vs.(98.57±3.19)], and were higher than those of the control group [(98.57±3.19) vs.(90.78±1.93),all P<0.05]. Conclusion Positive mindfulness decompression therapy could effectively alleviate the negative emotions of anxiety and depression of HIV-infected pregnant women, and improve self-efficacy, improve sleep quality, and then improve antiviral therapy compliance.