12世纪的地中海世界与巴勒莫的兴起

The Rise of Palermo and the Mediterranean World in the 12^(th) Century

巴勒莫的兴起受到地中海区域文明的普遍复兴、地中海世界密切的商贸关系、相互依赖的多元族群等因素推动。巴勒莫的诺曼政权与周边其他国家竞争不断,本土不同族群间亦有矛盾,但其君主积极推动文明多元性,使城市结构和空间布局刻意与地中海沿岸的城市保持一致,加强与周边政权的交流与合作,从而增进自身统治能力和政权合法性。作为欧洲中世纪的非典型城市,巴勒莫的兴起是区域经济发展、跨区域文化交流和政治权力增强共同作用的结果,它为中世纪地中海地区的城市发展提供了一种范式,通过全球史视角对巴勒莫兴起原因及其文明多元性进行分析,有助于我们突破文明冲突论,深化对欧洲中世纪城市的认知,增进对地中海世界文明交流模式的理解。

The rise of Palermo was promoted by the general revival of civilisations in the Mediterranean region,the closer commercial relations in the Mediterranean world,and the interdependent diverse ethnic groups.The Norman regime in Palermo constantly competed with its neighbouring countries.Moreover,there were contradictions among the ethnic groups at home,while the monarch actively promoted the diversification of civilisations,which makes the urban structure and spatial layout consistent with the cities around the Mediterranean.The exchanges and cooperation with other neighbouring regimes would enhance the Norman’s governance capabilities and legitimacy.As an atypical city in medieval Europe,the rise of Palermo was the outcome of the regional economic development,cross-regional cultural exchanges and the increasing political power.It provided a paradigm for the urban development in the medieval Mediterranean region and complemented the model of the traditional European medieval city.Analysing the reasons for the rise of Palermo and its diversity through the perspective of the global history will be helpful to break through the paradigm of‘clash of civilisations’and deepen the understanding of the civilisation exchanges in the Mediterranean world.