机器人辅助人工髋膝关节置换手术是必然趋势

Robotic assisted artificial hip and knee arthroplasty is an inevitable trend in the future

人工髋、膝关节置换是骨科领域最成功的手术之一,能有效缓解疼痛、矫正畸形和改善功能,从而提高患者整体生活质量。尽管髋、膝关节置换是目前治疗晚期髋、膝疾患的常规手术,但依然存在着术后肢体不等长、脱位或不稳定、跛行和不明原因疼痛等并发症。这些并发症的发生很大程度上与假体安放的位置相关。机器人辅助进行髋、膝关节置换手术的优势不仅在于术前可进行三维手术规划,而且手术过程中机械臂能够辅助完美实现术前规划,避免了人为误差。目前的关节置换机器人依然存在着不能进行个性化手术规划、手术时间长效率低、价格昂贵等问题,但相信在人工智能加持和算法的不断优化下,人工关节置换机器人将会越来越精准化、智能化和微创化,这是关节外科未来发展的必然趋势。

Artificial joint arthroplasty,such as total hip and total knee arthroplasty,is one of the most successful procedures in orthopedics.The quality of life of these patients can be improved significantly through relieving pain,correcting the deformity and improving joint function.Although hip and knee arthroplasty currently are routine surgeries for patients with late stage joint diseases,post-operative complications like leg length discrepancy,dislocation or instability,limp and uncertain reason pain are still common.The position of the implants plays important roles in all these complications.Robotic assisted joint arthroplasty can not only provide 3D pre-operative visual planning,but also can assist to fulfill the pre-operation plan perfectly.But the current joint arthroplasty robots cannot carry out automatic personalized pre-operation planning,and also have the shortcomings of low efficiency and high cost etc.However,based on their current performance and with the help of artificial intelligence and better algorithm,we believe that joint arthroplasty will be more and more precisive,intelligent and minimally invasive,which is an inevitable trend in the development of joint surgery.