妊娠期糖尿病孕妇子代生长发育情况调查

Investigation and analysis of the growth and development situation of the offspring of the pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇子代体格生长发育以及神经智力生长发育。方法:选取2017—2018年本院就诊的GDM孕妇113例为糖尿病组,身体健康孕妇120例为对照组。记录两组分娩的新生儿体孕周、性别、体重、血糖,1年后幼儿体重、身高评估子代体格生长发育,使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表(BSID)评估1岁龄幼儿心理发展指数(MDI)和心理运动发展指数(PDI)。结果:两组孕妇年龄、孕次、产次等无差异(P>0.05),体质指数糖尿病组高于对照组(P=0.000),分娩孕周、新生儿性别无差异(P<0.05),新生儿体重(3721±830g)高于对照组(3484±780g)、血糖水平(3.13±0.49 mmol/L)低于对组组(3.60±0.21 mmol/L)(P=0.026、0.000),1岁龄幼儿身高、体重高于对照组、MDI低于对照组幼儿(P<0.05),而PDI两组幼儿无差异(P>0.05)。结论:GDM不仅影响孕妇子代体格生长发育,还会影响子代智力发育,临床应加以重视并及时干预。

Objective:To explore the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)of the pregnant women on their offspring growth and development of the physical and neurointelligence.Methods:113 pregnant women with GDM were selected in study group,and 120 healthy pregnant women were selected in control group from 2017 to 2018.The gestational weeks,gender,weight,and blood glucose level of the newborn in the two groups were recorded.The weight and height of the 1-year-old children in the two groups were used to evaluate their physical growth and development.Bayley scales of infant Development(BSID)was used to evaluate the mental development index(MDI)and psychomotor development index(PDI)of these 1-year-old children.Results:There were no significant differences in age,and gravidity and parity of the women between the two groups(P>0.05).The body mass index of the women in the study group was significant higher than that of the women in the control group(P=0.000).There were no significant differences in the gestational weeks when delivery and gender rate of newborns between the two groups(P<0.05).The neonatal weight(3721±830g)in the study group was significant higher than that(3484±780 g)in the control group(P=0.026),but the neonatal blood glucose level(3.13±0.49 mmol/L)in the study group was significant lower than that(3.60±0.21 mmol/L)in the control group(P=0.000).The height and weight of 1-year-old children in the study group were significant higher than those in the control group,but the MDI value of 1-year-old children was significant lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in PDI value between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Pregnant women with GDM not only affect the physical growth and development of their offspring,but also affect the intellectual development of their offspring.So it be paid attention to and should be intervened timely.