广西壮族与汉族女性生殖道人乳头瘤状病毒感染分布及增龄性变化

Observation on the composition and distribution of human papillomavirus infection and its aging changes in female genital tract of Zhuang and Han nationality in Guangxi

目的研究广西汉族和壮族女性宫颈人乳头瘤状病毒(HPV)感染的构成分布。方法回顾性分析2012年8月至2020年10月在广西医科大学第一附属医院妇产科门诊及住院的女性患者20736例,分为汉族组16390例和壮族组4346例,应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术进行HPV 21分型检测,分析该地区不同民族女性宫颈HPV的流行病学特征。结果20736例中,HPV阳性占27.0%(5591例),其中汉族组HPV阳性占27.7%(4536例),壮族组阳性占24.3%(1055例),二者比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.17,P<0.01),且壮族女性感染高峰年龄大于65岁。该地区女性最常见的5种HPV基因型均为HPV 16、52、58、18及53。HPV16、52在阳性女性中的构成比随增龄而升高,HPV6和HPV11的构成比随增龄降低。结论广西地区壮族女性HPV、高危型HPV阳性构成比较汉族女性低;女性中阳性构成比最高的HPV分型为HPV 16、52、58、18及53;基因分型呈增龄性变化。

Objective To study the composition and distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV)in female genital tract of Zhuang and Han nationality in Guangxi.Methods The composition and distribution of cervical human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in Han and Zhuang women visiting Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from August 2012 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed to provide the basic data for prevention and treatment of HPV infection.A total of 20736 cases were divided into Han nationality group(n=16390 cases)and Zhuang nationality group(n=4346 cases).Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to detect HPV type 21 and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cervical HPV in women of different ethnic groups in this area.Results In the 20,736 cases,the proportion of positive HPV was 27.0%(5591/20,736).Among them,positive HPV accounted for 27.7%(4536)in the Han group,and 24.3%(1055)in Zhuang group,which were statistically significant(χ^(2)=20.17,P<0.01).Peak age of infection in Zhuang women was more than 65 years.The most common HPV genotypes in both ethnics groups in Guangxi were HPV 16,52,58,18,and 53.In women with positive HPV,the constituent ratio of HPV16 and HPV 52 rose with age ageing,while constituent ratio of HPV 6 and 11 presented the opposite trend.Conclusions The HPV and HR(high-risk)-HPV positive composition ratio is lower in Zhuang women than in Han women in Guangxi.Among Han and Zhuang females,HPV 16,52,58,18 and 53 have the highest positive composition ratio.HPV genotyping shows an age-increasing change.