长江经济带环境规制对高技术产业集聚的影响

The Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Agglomeration of High-tech Industries in the Yangtze River Economic Zone

环境规制的正、负外部性通过企业的区位选址来影响高技术产业集聚的发展。利用2011—2017年长江经济带的面板数据,实证分析长江经济带及其上、中、下游的环境规制对高技术产业集聚的影响。结果显示:无论是分区域还是整体,长江经济带的正式环境规制和高技术产业集聚之间都存在“U”形非线性关系;除了中游地区,长江经济带上游、下游和整体基本都还处于“U”形曲线的左侧下降阶段,即正式环境规制和高技术产业集聚之间呈反向变动关系;在非正式环境规制中,收入水平是一个重要因素,它对高技术产业集聚水平的发展有非常重要的影响。各区域应根据实际情况划分环境规制强度,以达到“U”形曲线的拐点。同时,各区域还应该注重引导消费者偏好向绿色健康发展,倒逼企业科技创新,吸引高技术产业集聚。

The positive and negative externalities of environmental regulations affects the development of high-tech industry clusters through the location of enterprises.Using the panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2017,empirically,the impact of environmental regulations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its upper,middle and lower reaches on the agglomeration of high-tech industries was analyzed.The results show that whether it is sub-regional or as a whole,there is a“U”-shaped nonlinear relationship between the formal environmental regulations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the agglomeration of high-tech industries.Except for the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the upper and lower reaches and the whole of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are basically still in the"U"shape.The left-hand declining stage of the U"-shaped curve means that there is a reverse relationship between formal environmental regulation and the agglomeration of high-tech industries.In informal environmental regulation,the level of income is an important factor,which affects the level of agglomeration of high-tech industries.Each area should be divided into the intensity of environmental regulations according to the actual situation,in order to reach the inflection point of the“U”-shaped curve.At the same time,all regions should also pay attention to guiding consumer preferences towards green and healthy development,forcing enterprises to innovate in science and technology,and attracting high-tech industry clusters.