盆地东大路与四川“东大路经济带”的兴衰

Eastern Main Road in the Sichuan Basin and the Vicissitude of the“Eastern Main Road Economic Belt”

唐宋时期,四川盆地形成南北二道,北道地位更高;南道地位相对较低,是东大路的前身。在明清四川盆地政治经济重心东移南迁的背景下,重庆成为与成都相当之一极,由此东大路逐渐定型与繁盛。明代东大路设立12个驿站,清代基本相承;沿线还设有大量铺递。东大路总里程为1000里左右,共10程,实际行走11—12天,西段往往借助沱江水路舟行。东大路定型于明初,初时多以“东南路”“川东路”“东路”相称。“东大路”之名形成于清末民初,它有联系两极、浅丘农业、丰沛水利、通江达海、界邻盐都等自然、人文优势,是四川盆地第一路,客观上形成“东大路经济带”。20世纪90年代以来“东大路经济带”地位下降,但“成渝双城经济圈”战略的提出又为古老的东大路振兴带来了机遇。

During the Tang and Song Dynasties,two ancient highways were formed in the Sichuan Basin,known as the Northern and Southern Roads respectively.The Southern Road was less prominent.Yet,it was the predecessor of the Eastern Main Road in later times.Against the background that the political and economic center of the Sichuan Basin moved eastward and southward in Ming and Qing Dynasties,Chongqing ascended in importance and could rival Chengdu.The Eastern Main Road gradually took shape and flourished.In the Ming Dynasty,there were 12 post stations along the Eastern Main Road,which were largely inherited in the Qing Dynasty.Along the road were also a large number of shops and posts.The total mileage of the Eastern Main Road was about 1000 li(500 meters)comprising in total of 10 stages,which would take 11 to 12 days to travel.The western section was often travelled by boat on the Tuojiang River.The Eastern Main Road took shape in the early Ming Dynasty.At the beginning,it was called the“Southeast road”,the“East Road of Sichuan”,or the“East road”.The name“Eastern Main Road”was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.It has natural and cultural advantages such as connecting Chengdu and Chongqing,low terrain agriculture,abundant water resource,access to the rivers and sea,and close to the salt mines.It was the primary road in the Sichuan Basin and it gave birth to the“Eastern Main Road Economic Belt”.Since the 1990s,the status of“Eastern Main Road Economic Belt”has declined,but the strategy of“Chengdu-Chongqing Double-city Economic Circle”has brought opportunities for the revitalization of the ancient Eastern Main Road.