微波处理北美进口山核桃木材的杀虫效果

The Killing Effect of Wood Borers by Microwave Treatment on Imported Logs of Carya cathayensis from North America

研究采用微波法处理北美进口的山核桃原木,以杀灭其中的蛀干害虫。使用工业化微波介电加热检疫处理设备,设置51、56、61℃三个温度对被害原木进行微波处理,随机选择原木的一个横截面,分别在45°和水平2个方向,深度为1、3、5cm处各插入1个温度探头,测定被害原木的最高温度,随后观察被害原木内的害虫种类、数量及死亡率。结果表明:在各微波处理温度下,被害原木不同方位的最高温度均高于供试温度。在达到各供试最低温度后持续微波处理1min,小蠹虫类和吉丁虫类害虫全部死亡;在达到61℃后持续微波处理1min,天牛类害虫全部死亡。建议设定最低温度为61℃,持续微波处理时间为1min,在此条件下可保证原木各部位的温度均达到害虫致死的处理温度,从而杀灭原木中所有的蛀干害虫。

In this study,the imported Carya cathayensis logs from North America were microwave treated to kill wood borers.The damaged logs were treated at three different temperatures(51℃,56℃,61℃)by the industrialized microwave dielectric heating quarantine treatment equipment.A cross section of the infected wood was randomly selected,and the temperature probes were inserted at different depths(1 cm,3 cm and 5 cm)at 45°direction and horizontal directions of the cross section.The maximum temperature at different positions and depths of the infected woods were measured,and the species,number and killing rates of wood borers were investigated.The results showed that the maximum temperature of different positions and depths of the infected woods were higher than the test temperature in different microwave treatments.All bark beetles and jewel beetles were killed after 1 min microwave treatments.After the microwave treatment temperature reached 61℃for 1 min,all longhorned beetles were killed.It suggested that the minimum temperature of microwave treatment should be set at 61℃and the treatment duration should be set at 1 min.In that condition,the temperature of all parts in the C.cathayensis logs can reach the lethal temperature of the pest,thus killing all wood borers in logs.