城市疫情背景下的19世纪后期城市公园发展与应对举措研究

Research on the Development and Measures of Urban Parks in the Late 19;Century under the Background of Urban Epidemic

当前,新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情在全球迅速蔓延,给城市的公共安全、卫生与健康带来了巨大挑战。基于此,采用总结归纳法阐述了19世纪后期西方国家的城市化导致疫情暴发的历史现实,解读了疫情触发的城市公园改革,发现城市公园在改善人居环境、提升公共健康方面一直发挥着重要作用。在应对疫情时,城市公园中的自然要素可作用于传染源、传播途径及易感者本身,从而对传染性疾病起到抑制作用。在社会防治过程中,城市公园可通过提供户外绿色空间、作为搭建临时医疗场所的场地,以及进行公园运行管理等方面对疫情防治起到支持作用。再通过历史文献分析法和引用论证法加以分析,以期为后疫情时代城市公园的发展建设提供借鉴。

At present, COVID-19 is spreading rapidly around the world, posing great challenges to public safety, sanitation and health in all cities. Based on this, the author illustrated the plague caused by urbanization in western countries and urban park reform caused by epidemic disease during the period after the 19;century with the method of historical document analysis, summary induction and citation, and found that city park has been playing an important role in improving the living environment and promoting public health. In response to the outbreak, the natural elements of city parks can act on the source of infection, route of transmission and susceptible people itself to have the inhibition effect on infectious diseases. Thereby, in the process of social prevention and control, urban parks can support disease prevention and control by providing outdoor green space,setting up temporary medical facilities, and operation and management,and then the author made the demonstration through the historical literature and relevant research, in order to provide reference for the development of post-epidemic era of urban parks.