近代武汉市政规划中的“公园”——早期公园系统的本土化及启示

The Park in Municipal Planning of Modern Wuhan——Localization of Early Park System and Its Enlightenment

"公园"是伴随着19世纪西方工业革命带来的城市化进程加剧而产生的一种典型的现代城市公共空间,并逐步发展成为区域尺度的公园系统。梳理了近代重要都会武汉的早期市政规划成果中有关公园的具体内容。从市政建设视角,考察中国早期公园系统规划的变迁历程和内在特质,展现近代精英阶层理性吸收西方先进经验、深刻联系本土现实、以民族主义的市政规划等物质空间改造进行社会改良的积极尝试;揭示了"公园"产生与"城市化"之间的深层逻辑关联,以及本土特色的公园系统规划的生成机制和深远影响;尝试从溯源角度解析其对当前我国公园城市建设的有益启示。

"Park" is a kind of typical modern urban public space produced by the urbanization process brought by the Western industrial revolution in the 19 th century, and gradually developed into a regional scale park system. This paper sorts out the specific contents of parks in the early municipal planning achievements of Wuhan, an important modern metropolis. From the perspective of municipal construction, this paper studies the evolution process and internal characteristics of early park system planning in China,shows that the modern elite rationally absorbed the advanced experience of the West, deeply connected with the local reality,and actively tried to carry out social improvement through the transformation of material space such as nationalistic municipal planning, and reveals the deep logical connection between the emergence of "park" and "urbanization", as well as the local characteristics. This paper also attempts to analyze its beneficial enlightenment to the current construction of China’s Park City from the perspective of source tracing.