瑞典地质学家安特生与沙锅屯石穴遗址的发现

The Swedish Geologist J.G.Andersson and the Discovery of the Cave-deposit at Sha Kuo T’un in Fengtien

本文从学术史的角度对安特生1921年夏在奉天锦西县沙锅屯石穴遗址的发掘活动进行了梳理。通过对安特生的"考察报告"的分析,指出安特生将近代田野考古技术引入中国,在中国考古史上具有里程碑的意义。沙锅屯石穴遗址出土的磨制石器和制陶表明,当时的辽东地区已经从之前的依赖自然的采集渔猎经济跃进到了改造自然的生产经济,从而彻底改变了之前西方学者所认为的中国没有新石器时代的历史。

From the perspective of academic history,this paper summarizes Andersson’s excavation activities of the cavedeposit at Sha Kuo T’un in Fengtien(today:Liaoning) in the summer of 1921.Through the analysis of Andersson’s archaeological excavation report,it is pointed out that Anderson’s introduction of modern field archaeological techniques into China is a milestone in the history of Chinese archaeology.The ground stone tools and pottery unearthed from the Sha Kuo T’un show that the Liaodong region at that time had leaped from the previous nature-dependent gathering,fishing and hunting economy to a natural production economy,thus it completely changed the previous western scholars’ belief that China had no Neolithic history.