茯苓碳氮磷化学计量学特征

Carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Pachyma hoelen

为探明茯苓的碳、氮、磷生态化学计量学特征,采集了云南省11个州、市42个居群的茯苓样本,分析了其菌核与表皮中碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)的化学计量特征。结果表明:茯苓菌核中C、N、P的含量分别为40.24%–43.58%、0.176%–0.532%和0.020%–0.077%;C:N、C:P和N:P的范围分别为93.23–279.42、1342.00–5571.32和8.11–44.62;茯苓皮中C、N、P的含量分别为29.86%–48.71%、0.229%–0.895%和0.027%–0.107%;C:N、C:P和N:P的值分别为49.90–206.53、884.74–4290.89和8.35–41.41,茯苓菌核与表皮中C:N:P比值的中位数分别为3317:18:1和2318:22:1。茯苓菌核中碳含量与表皮无显著差异,氮、磷含量均低于表皮(P<0.01)。野生与栽培茯苓相比,除菌核碳含量、茯苓皮C:N无显著差异外,其他指标均存在显著差异。野生茯苓的氮含量显著高于栽培茯苓,磷含量显著低于栽培茯苓。茯苓菌核中C含量与纬度显著负相关,N含量与经度极显著正相关,C:N与经度极显著负相关,N:P与经度显著正相关;茯苓皮中C、N含量与经度显著正相关;碳、氮、磷的含量与海拔无相关关系。结论:茯苓中碳的含量与其他真菌较为接近,氮和磷的含量明显偏低;在栽培条件下茯苓的生长可能受到氮或氮、磷的共同限制。

In order to explore the ecological stoichiometry of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in Pachyma hoelen,42 populations of P.hoelen samples were collected from 11 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province,and the content and ratios of C,N and P both in sclerotium and peel were analyzed.The results show that the content of C,N and P in P.hoelen sclerotium was 40.24%–43.58%,0.176%–0.532%and 0.020%–0.077%respectively.The ranges of C:N,C:P and N:P in P.hoelen sclerotium were 93.23–279.42,1342.00–5571.32 and 8.11–44.62,respectively.The content of C,N and P in P.hoelen peels was 29.86%–48.71%,0.229%–0.895%and 0.027%–0.107%,and the ratios of C:N,C:P and N:P were 49.90–206.53,884.74–4290.89 and 8.35–41.41,the median C:N:P ratio of P.hoelen sclerotium and peel were 3317:18:1 and 2318:22:1,respectively.The C content in P.hoelen sclerotium and peel were not significantly different(P=0.847).The content of N and P in sclerotium was significantly lower than that in peel.Compared with cultivated P.hoelen,there were no significant differences in C content of sclerotium and C:N ratio of peel of wild P.hoelen with the exception of other indexes.The N content of wild P.hoelen was significantly higher than that of cultivated P.hoelen,but the P content was contrary.Correlation analysis showed that there was significant(P=0.05)negative correlativity between C content of sclerotium and latitude of the sampling site,and significant(P=0.01)positive correlativity between N content of sclerotium and longitude.There was significant(P=0.01)negative correlativity between sclerotia C:N ratio and longitude of the sampling site.There was significant(P=0.05)positive correlation between N:P ratio in sclerotium and longitude,and there was significant(P=0.05)positive correlativity between content of C and N in peel and longitude.However,there was no correlation between the content of C,N and P and the altitude.We conclude that the content of C in P.hoelen is close to that in other fungi,while the content of N and P is obviously low.Under cultivation conditions,the growth of P.hoelen might be limited by N or both N and P.