中国特色小镇空间分布特征及驱动机制研究

Research on Spatial Characteristics and Driving Mechanism of Chinese Characteristic Towns

以国家发改委、财政部、住建部批准的403个中国特色小镇为研究样本,采用最邻近指数、地理集中指数、空间基尼系数、不平衡指数、核密度、空间自相关、局域关联指数等数理方法和空间分析手段,对特色小镇空间分布类型、空间均衡性、空间密度特征以及空间关联特征进行研究,并运用ArcGIS和SPSS分析驱动机制对其影响程度。研究表明:1)全国特色小镇空间呈聚集分布;2)七大地理分区中特色小镇空间分布不均衡,华中地区特色小镇分布集中度最高;3)特色小镇空间分布密度在不同区域有显著差异,主要表现为"多核扩散"模式;4)特色小镇数量多的省份和低的省份分别在地理空间上集聚。特色小镇空间分布以冷点区为主,该区域主要集中在西北部;5)经济、资源、交通等驱动机制是影响特色小镇空间分布的主要因素。

With approval of the national development and reform commission, Ministry of finance, Ministry of Town in 403 the Chinese characteristic towns as the research sample, mathematical method and spatial analysis method, such as the neighboring index, geographic concentration index, space gini coefficient, unbalanced index, the nuclear density, spatial autocorrelation, local correlation index, are used to analyze spatial characteristics of Chinese characteristic towns from space distribution type, spatial equilibrium, spatial density characteristics, spatial correlation characteristics. At the same time, ArcGIS and SPSS are used to analyze the influence of driving mechanism on the characteristic towns. The results show that:(1)the spatial distribution of characteristic towns in China is aggregated.(2)The spatial distribution of characteristic towns is not balanced among the seven geographical regions, and the concentration of characteristic towns is the highest in central China.(3)The spatial distribution density of characteristic towns is significantly different in different regions, which is mainly manifested in the pattern of "multi-nuclear diffusion".(4)The provinces with a large number of characteristic towns and the provinces with a low number of characteristic towns are geographically clustered. The spatial distribution of characteristic towns is mainly in the cold spot area, which is mainly concentrated in the northwest.(5)The driving mechanisms of economy, resources and transportation are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of characteristic towns.