生物质基复合材料及其铀吸附应用的研究进展

Recent advances in uranium adsorption by biomass based composite

在核能的开发利用中会产生大量放射性含铀废水,给生态安全和人类健康带来巨大威胁。与此同时,随着陆地铀的逐渐消耗,为保证长期充足的核燃料供应,开采海水铀势在必行。近年来,吸附法在废水铀治理及海水铀利用中备受关注。以环境友好、储量丰富、成本低廉的生物质材料加工制备性能优异、附加值高的吸附材料,是铀吸附的绿色、经济、可持续的发展策略。本文系统综述了生物质基复合材料在铀吸附应用领域的最新研究成果,详细介绍了铀吸附性能和铀吸附机制,最后对其应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。

With the development of nuclear energy,a large amount of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater has been produced,posing a great threat to ecological safety and human health.At the same time,with the gradual depletion of terrestrial uranium,it is imperative to exploit uranium from seawater to ensure long-term sufficient supply of nuclear fuel.In recent years,the adsorption method has attracted increasing attention in the treatment of uranium-contaminated wastewater and the extraction of uranium from seawater.And it is a green,economical and sustainable development strategy for uranium adsorption to prepare high value-added biomass-based materials with excellent performance based on its eco-friendliness,abundant reserves and low cost.This review focuses on the main progress of biomass-based uranium adsorption composite materials,covering its adsorption performance and adsorption mechanism.Finally,the future prospects and research direction are proposed for better biomassbased adsorbents.