聚乳酸基聚苯胺柔性可降解超级电容器的制备与性能

Polyaniline growing on polylactic acid substrate towards flexible and biodegradable supercapacitors

随着全球经济的快速发展、化石燃料的枯竭及环境污染等问题的加剧,社会对新型的电化学储能技术的需求日趋迫切。近年来,超级电容器由于其高的功率密度、长的循环寿命、宽的工作温度、优异的稳定性等优势引起了广泛关注。但由于传统的电容器器件大而重、制造过程繁复、且大多数不能够降解,已经不能满足社会的可持续发展需要,因此制备一种新型柔性、环保的超级电容器迫在眉睫。本工作报道了以聚乳酸(PLA)薄膜为基底,在PLA表面原位化学聚合生长聚苯胺(PANI)制备聚苯胺-聚乳酸(PANI-PLA)可降解柔性超级电容器电极。采用SEM、FTIR、UV-Vis对电极进行形貌及结构的表征;继而对其电化学性能进行测试。测试结果显示,在三电极体系下,PANI-PLA的最大面积比电容可达到5.00 mF·cm^(-2)(@0.10 mA·cm^(-2))。在二电极体系下以聚乙烯醇/硫酸(PVA/H;SO;)作为凝胶电解质时,PANI-PLA//PANI-PLA对称固态超级电容器面积比电容为0.20 mF·cm^(-2),功率密度为3.60μW·cm^(-2),对应的能量密度为0.02μW·h·cm^(-2)(@0.004 mA·cm^(-2));聚苯胺-不锈钢(PANI-SS)//PANI-PLA不对称固态超级电容器面积比电容为23.33 mF·cm^(-2),功率密度为30.09μW·cm^(-2),对应的能量密度为1.17μW·h·cm^(-2)(@0.05 mA·cm^(-2))。

With the rapid development of global economy,the depletion of fossil fuels,and the severe environmental pollution,new electrochemical energy storage technologies are in urgent need.In recent years,supercapacitors have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages of high power density,long cycle life,wide working temperature window,and excellent cycling stability.Unfortunately,traditional supercapacitor devices are big and heavy,complicated to manufacture,and most of the time undegradable,and therefore cannot achieve sustainable development goals of the society.In this content,it is imperative to develop an innovative type of flexible and environmental friendly supercapacitor.Polyaniline-polylactic acid(PANI-PLA)biodegradable flexible supercapacitor electrode was prepared by in situ chemical polymerization method utilizing polylactic acid(PLA)film as the substrate.SEM,FTIR,and UV-Vis were performed to characterize the morphology and chemical structure of the electrode.The electrochemical tests show that under the three-electrode system,the areal specific capacitance of PANI-PLA can reach 5.00 mF·cm^(-2)(@0.10 mA·cm^(-2)).Under the two-electrode system employing polyvinyl alcohol/sulfuric acid(PVA/H;SO;)as the gel electrolyte,the symmetric PANI-PLA//PANI-PLA solid supercapacitor delivers an areal capacitance of 0.20 mF·cm^(-2),a power density of 3.60μW·cm^(-2),and a corresponding energy density of 0.02μW·h·cm^(-2)(@0.004 mA·cm^(-2)).The asymmetric solid supercapacitor consisting of polyaniline grown on stainless steel(PANI-SS)and PANI-PLA delivers an areal capacitance of 23.33 mF·cm^(-2),a power density of 30.09μW·cm^(-2),and a corresponding energy density of 1.17μW·h·cm^(-2)(@0.05 mA·cm^(-2)).