新疆伊犁野生阿魏菇菌株的分离鉴定与培养特性

Isolation,identification and Culture Characteristics of Wild Pleurotus ferulae from Yili Xinjiang

对采自新疆伊犁的两种具有不同形态特征的野生阿魏菇(Pleurotus ferulae)子实体分离的菌株进行鉴定和系统发育分析,并探讨优良菌株的培养特性。结合子实体形态和生境特征,利用rDNA-ITS序列,对伊犁野生阿魏菇菌株YL-A1和YL-A2进行分子鉴定及系统发育分析。对阿魏菇菌株YL-A1生长温度、pH、碳源、氮源和无机盐进行单因素试验,分析各因素对菌丝生长的影响,通过L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验,筛选各因子之间的最优组合。结果表明,野生阿魏菇菌株YL-A1(ITS序列GenBank登录号:MN460317)和YL-A2(ITS序列GenBank登录号:MN809132),不仅子实体形态特征有差异,且菌株YL-A1菌丝生长速度和长势优于YL-A2,并相互拮抗。结合生境和形态特征及rDNA ITS序列分析,将二者鉴定为阿魏菇(Pleurotus eryngii var.ferulae)。系统发育分析发现,菌株YL-A1和YL-A2单独聚为一组,与其他阿魏菇菌株有一定的遗传距离。经单因素和正交试验,确定了菌株YL-A1在含葡萄糖20 g/L、蛋白胨4 g/L、KH_(2)PO_(4)1 g/L,pH 7.5的培养基中,25℃培养,菌丝生长状态最佳,确定了优良菌株YL-A1菌丝生长最佳培养条件。为进一步保护利用伊犁野生阿魏菇菌种资源提供参考。

Identification and phylogenetic of two wild Pleurotus ferulae strains with different morphological characteristics collected in Yili,Xinjiang,were analyzed and investigated their cultivation characteristics of excellent strains,in order to provide scientific basis for further protection and utilization of wild P.ferulae strain resources in Yili.Combined with fructification morphology and habitat characteristics,adopted rDNA-ITS sequence,molecular identification,and phylogenetic of wild P.ferulaei strains YL-A1 and YL-A2 in Yili were analyzed.Single factor experiments in temperature,pH,carbon source,nitrogen source,and inorganic salt of P.ferulae strain YL-A1 were carried out,and analyzed the influence of each factor on their growth,using L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal test to screen and organize the various factors in groups.The results showed that wild P.ferulae strains YL-A1(GenBank Accession Number:MN460317)and YL-A2(GenBank Accession Number:MN809132)not only have different fructification morphology characteristics,but also strain YL-A1′s hypha growth rate and growth were better than YL-A2,and they antagonized each other.Combined with habitat and morphology characteristics and rDNA ITS sequence analysis,they were identified as Pleurotus ferulae(P.eryngii var.ferulae).Phylogenetic analysis was found that strains YL-A1 and YL-A2 were clustered into a single group,which had a certain genetic distance from other P.ferulae strains.Through single factor and orthogonal experiments,it was determined that strain YL-A1 had the best mycelial growth in a medium containing glucose 20 g/L,peptone 4 g/L,KH_(2)PO_(4)1 g/L,pH 7.5,and 25℃.Strains YL-A1 and YL-A2 were identified as Pleurotus ferulae(P.eryngii var.ferulae),and the best culture conditions for the growth of excellent strain YL-A1 hyphae were determined.