妇幼专科医院护士共情能力在正念水平与关怀能力间的中介作用

Mediating effect of empathy ability on the level of mindfulness and caring ability of nurses in maternity and child specialized hospitals

目的:调查妇幼专科医院护士关怀能力、正念水平及共情能力,并分析其相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2021年6月选取无锡市某三级甲等妇幼专科医院424名护士作为研究对象,采用一般情况调查问卷、关怀能力量表、正念注意觉知量表和杰弗逊共情量表对其进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关性分析正念水平、关怀能力及共情能力间的相关性,采用Amos 23.0软件建立结构方程模型,并使用Bootstrap法验证共情能力在正念水平与关怀能力间的中介作用。结果:妇幼专科医院护士关怀能力总分为(162.93±19.96)分,正念注意觉知总分为(64.09±13.10)分,共情能力总分为(104.42±17.02)分;Pearson相关性分析结果显示,关怀能力总分及各维度得分与正念注意觉知及共情能力总分及各维度得分呈明显正相关(P<0.01);Bootstrap法验证了共情能力在正念水平与关怀能力间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的45.52%。结论:妇幼专科医院护士关怀能力处于较低水平,共情能力在正念水平与关怀能力间起部分中介作用,医院管理者应关注护士正念水平及共情能力的评估,为提高护士关怀能力提供借鉴。

Objective:To investigate nurses′caring ability,level of mindfulness and empathy ability in maternity and child specialized hospitals,and analyze their correlation.Methods:In June 2021,a total of 424 nurses from a third grade A maternity and child specialized hospital in Wuxi were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling method.They were surveyed by general situation questionnaire,caring ability scale,Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Jefferson Empathy Scale.The correlation between the level of mindfulness,caring ability and empathy was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Amos 23.0 software was used to establish the structural equation model,and Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediating effect of empathy on the level of mindfulness and caring ability.Results:The total scores of nursing care ability,mindful attention awareness and empathy ability of nurses in maternity and child specialized hospital were(162.93±19.96),(64.09±13.10)and(104.42±17.02)respectively.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of caring ability and the all dimensions scores were significantly positively correlated with the total score of mindful attention awareness and empathy ability and the all dimensions scores(P<0.01).Bootstrap method verified that empathy played a partial mediating role between mindfulness level and caring ability,and the mediating effect accounted for 45.52%of the total effect.Conclusions:The caring ability of nurses in maternity and child specialized hospitals is at a lower level.Empathy plays a part of the mediating role between mindfulness and caring ability.Hospital managers should pay attention to the assessment of mindfulness and empathy,so as to provide reference for improving nurses′caring ability.