天津市现代都市型畜牧业发展水平评价指标体系与评价方法研究

Study on Evaluation Index System and Evaluation Method of Development Level of Modern Urban Animal Husbandry in Tianjin

现代都市型畜牧业的内涵是不断变化的,现阶段体现出绿色化、科学化、信息化、组织化、高端化和高效化的基本特征。结合现代都市型畜牧业的内涵和特征,构建了由6个一级指标、15个二级指标和26个三级指标组成的天津市现代都市型畜牧业发展水平评价指标体系,制定了评价方法,并选择2个代表性区进行测评。测评结果表明:天津畜牧业绿色发展取得显著成效,但还未真正实现种养结合;科技成为天津畜牧业发展的驱动力,但机械化水平和饲养人员素质有待提升;信息化水平不高,未来发展空间大;企业化和规模化发展快,标准化和产业化建设亟待加强;畜产品安全程度高,品牌化建设滞后;畜禽存栏减少,经济效益下降。笔者根据测评结果提出了统筹区域发展、推进种养结合,提高机械化水平、加快信息化步伐,培育壮大畜禽加工龙头企业和合作组织、推进产业化发展,加强品牌培育、增强畜牧业核心竞争力,提高畜禽养殖经济效益、实现畜牧业可持续发展等促进天津现代都市型畜牧业发展的有关建议。

The connotation of modern urban animal husbandry is constantly changing,and it embodies the basic characteristics of green,scientific,information,organization,high-end and high-efficiency at present stage.Combined with the connotation and characteristics of modern urban animal husbandry,the evaluation index system of the development level of modern urban animal husbandry in Tianjin was constructed,which was composed of 6 first-class indexes,15 second-class indexes and 26 third-class indexes,the evaluation method was formulated,and two representative districts were selected for evaluation.The evaluation results showed that remarkable progress had been made in the green development of animal husbandry in Tianjin,but the combination of planting and breeding had not been truly realized.Science and technology had become the driving force for the development of animal husbandry in Tianjin,but the mechanization level and the quality of breeders needed to be improved.The relatively low informatization level indicated that there was a large space for future development.The rapid development of enterprise and scale indicated that the construction of standardization and industrialization urgently needed to be strengthened.The safety of livestock products was high,but the brand construction lagged behind.Both the stock of livestock and poultry and the economic benefits decreased.According to the evaluation results,the author put forward some suggestions to promote the development of modern urban animal husbandry in Tianjin,such as coordinating regional development and promoting the combination of planting and breeding,improving the level of mechanization and speeding up the pace of informatization,cultivating and expanding leading enterprises and cooperative organizations in livestock and poultry processing and promoting the development of industrialization,strengthening brand cultivation and enhancing the core competitiveness of animal husbandry,improving the economic benefits of livestock and poultry breeding and realizing the sustainable development of animal husbandry.