野生兜兰菌根真菌对带叶兜兰生长和生理指标的效应

Effects of Wild Paphiopedilum Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Physiological Indexes of Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum Seedlings

为探究兰科菌根真菌对带叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum)生长的影响,用4个分离自广西野生兜兰根部的兰科菌根真菌(Cladosporium perangustum、Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae、Phialophora sp.和Cyphellophora sp.)与带叶兜兰试管苗和营养钵苗进行菌-苗共生试验,对其生长和生理指标的变化进行了研究。结果表明,接菌处理具有明显的促进生长作用和生理效应,Cladosporium perangustum和Phialophora sp.对试管苗的接种效果最佳,鲜质量增量、3种保护酶活性和叶绿素总量均与对照存在显著或极显著差异,鲜质量增加了360%~380%。Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae、Phialophora sp.对营养钵苗的接种效果最佳,鲜质量增量、叶面积及3种保护酶活性均与对照存在显著或极显著差异,鲜质量增加了261%~330%。因此,实际生产中可在带叶兜兰不同生长阶段接种适当菌株,Phialophora sp.对带叶兜兰表现出较好的促生效应,可研发为带叶兜兰育苗期通用型有益菌剂。

To investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum, four strains, such as Cladosporium perangustum, Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae, Phialophora sp. and Cyphellophora sp.,isolated from roots of wild Paphiopedilum, were inoculated to tissue-cultured and potting seedlings of P.hirsutissimum for 120 days, and then the changes in growth and physiological characters were studied. The results showed that the biomass and physiological indexes of tissue-cultured seedlings increase inoculated with Cladosporium perangustum and Phialophora sp., the fresh weight, activities of three protective enzymes, and total chlorophyll content had significant differences compared with the control. Especially the fresh weight was more than control for 360%-380%. Two strains, Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae and Phialophora sp. had the best effect for the potting seedlings, which the fresh weight, leaf area, and activities of three protective enzymes had significant difference compared with the control, and the fresh weight increased 261%-330% than control.Therefore, appropriate strains could be inoculated to P. hirsutissimum at different growth stages in actual production. Phialophora sp., which showed a good promoting effect on P. hirsutissimum, could be developed as a universal beneficial bacterial agent in seedling stage.