当代新闻叙事的“受众转向”及其“诗学功能”的生成

The“Audience Turn”of Contemporary News Narrative and the Generation of Its“Poetic Function”

伴随着新媒体的崛起,普通人参与媒介叙述的潜能得到释放,受众在新闻叙事中的主体性得到彰显。从公共新闻到公民新闻的发展,使受众的新闻叙述控制权得到扩张。新媒体环境下普通受众参与的互动叙述从不同角度延伸新闻故事的情节线,使之成为一个开放性文本。“受众叙述”所具备的动态生成的特性,导致文本边界趋于消解,由此建构了新闻叙事的“全文本”。受众以“游猎”姿态展开新闻叙述,对主流媒体的新闻文本进行挪用、拼贴和戏仿,生成具有“杂交”性质的叙述文本,成为当下年轻世代新闻消费的“间接化”与“娱乐化”的重要表征。作为一种“生产者式文本”,受众叙述不再受制于新闻类别的“常规”,为新闻“诗学功能”的实现提供了更多可能,并在集体意义建构中发挥重要作用。

With the rise of new media,the potential of ordinary people to participate in media narration has been released,and the subjectivity of audience in news narrative has been highlighted.From public journalism to citizen journalism,the audience control of news narrative has been further expanded.The interactive narrative with the participation of ordinary audience extends the plot line of news story from different angles,making it an open text.The dynamic generation characteristic of“audience narration”leads to the deconstruction of the text boundary,thus constructing the“omni-text”of news narrative.The audience keeps a“hunting”attitude in the process of news narrative.They misappropriate,collage and parody the news texts of the mainstream media to produce“hybrid”narrative texts,which has become an important characterization of the“indirection”and“entertainmentization”of the news consumption of the current young generation.Audience narrative is no longer subject to the“routine”of news.It provides more possibilities for the realization of news“poetic function”and plays an important role in the meaning construction of community.