陕南移民搬迁中的土地规划指标实施情况及其影响因素——以商州区为例

Mid-term assessment of migrant relocation in Southern Shaanxi based on land perspective:A case study of Shangzhou area

移民搬迁是优化土地资源配置、促进人口集聚、保障人民生命财产安全、促进脱贫致富的重要战略措施,对其土地规划指标的实施情况及影响因素的探究可以有效推进移民搬迁工程的实施。本文以陕西省商洛市商州区陕南移民搬迁为例,从移民搬迁地块的位置分布、土地指标完成量及土地利用变化特征着手,利用GIS叠加分析的方法分析各项土地规划指标的实施情况及其影响因素。结果表明:①建新区的指标执行较好,位置分布集中,宅基地腾退相对滞后;移民搬迁的整体进度不高,规划时间过半,安置、留用、拆旧区的指标执行量均不及50%;实施过程中涉及土地利用变化显著,城乡建设用地增量较大,耕地总量大幅减少。②建新区向地势平坦、临近城镇、道路、河流的地区集聚,安土重迁思想、住新不交旧、安置补偿价格低、移民区生产就业难是导致宅基地腾退滞后的主要原因。因此,落实城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策、优化移民安置地选择、增加移民安置地吸引力、实现宅基地分区腾退可以有效推进移民搬迁政策的实施。

Migrant relocation is an important strategic measure to optimize the allocation of land resources,promote population agglomeration,guarantee people life and property safety,and promote poverty alleviation and prosperity.The implementation of land planning indicators and the influencing factors of resettlement can effectively promote the implementation of migrant relocation projects.This research takes Shangzhou District of Shangluo City of Shaanxi Province as an example.Starting from the distribution location,index completion and the characteristics of land use change of migrant relocation plots,analytical methods of overlay by ArcGIS was used to analyze the implementation of various land planning indicators and its influencing factors.The results show that:①The indicators of reconstruction the new district are well implemented,the location distribution is centralized.And the homestead vacating is relatively lagging behind.The overall progress of migrant relocation is not high that the implementation of resettlement,retention and demolition indicators is less than 50%in themore than half planning time.The implementation process involves significant land use change,urban-rural land increase is large,and the total amount of cultivated soil is greatly reduced.Reconstruction the new district gathers in areas with flat terrain and adjacent towns,roads and rivers.②The main reasons for the lag of the vacation of homestead are not willing to leave a place where one has lived long,living both in the new place and the old one,the low compensation price for resettlement,and the difficulty of production and employment in immigrant areas.Therefore,the implementation of the policy of increasing and decreasing urban-rural land,optimizing the selection of resettlement sites,increasing the attractiveness of resettlement sites,and zoning the vacation of homestead can effectively promote the implementation of the policy of migrant relocation.