茶树品种资源遗传亲缘关系的RAPD分析

Studies on Genetic Relationships of Tea Cultivars [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] by RAPD Analysis

利用RAPD技术对中国不同生态型的31个品种资源进行了遗传亲缘关系研究。从Sangon 120个引物中筛选出21个长度为10个碱基的随机引物对31个品种的基因组DNA进行扩增，共产生188条谱带，其中多态性谱带为170条（90.43%），31个品种具有丰富的多态性。品种间的遗传距离为0.219-0.708，并根据遗传距离利用UPGMA构建了品种亲缘关系树图。根据树图，当结合距离T2=0.24时，31个品种可分为三大类：第一大类包括云南、四川、贵州、广西的品种；第二大类包括广东所选用品种及福建的小叶乌龙品种；第三大类包括福建、浙江、安徽、江西、河南及湖南的品种。从DNA分子水平探讨了中国茶树品种的亲缘关系及分类。

Thirty-one cultivars from different regions of China were tested with RAPD markers using 21 arbitrary 10-mer primers selected from 120 Sangon primers. The level of polymorphism of the cultivars was extremely high. Among a total of 188 bands observed, 170(90.43%) bands were polymorphic in the 31 cultivars tested, only 18 did not reveal polymorphism. Genetic distances between the cultivars varied from 0.219 to 0.708. A dendrogram showing genetic relationships between them was constructed by UPGMA. 31 cultivars can be divided into three groups when the linking distance(T2) be 0.24: The first group includes the cultivars from Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangxi (except Anhui Dusha); The second group includes the cultivars from Guangdong(including Xiaoye Wulong); The third group includes other cultivars from Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan and Hunan. The genetic relationships and classification of the cultivars of China were studied based on the level of genetic DNA.