清代佛山镇的义仓、祖庙与地方善举

Charitable Granaries,Ancestral Temples and Local Philanthopy in Foshan in the Qing Dynasty

在清代的佛山镇,义仓几乎承担了所有的地方善举,成为地域社会的"善举联合体"。佛山义仓的运作机制,不是对宗族公产房支轮值原则的简单移植,而是将"九社""八图""二十七铺"的里社组织融入到义仓的管理中,且在义仓管理中,力求革除豪族对义仓公产的强占,从而使义仓成为佛山地方善举的母体。在社会联结的意义上,围绕北帝信仰的祖庙,在空间和象征上成为佛山镇公共管理的黏合剂。

In the town of Foshan in the Qing Dynasty,the charitable granary undertook most of the local philanthropy and became a"charity consortium"in the regional society.The operation of the charitable granary in Foshan was not a simple transplantation of the principle of clan lineage public property rotation,instead it integrated the Jiushe,Batu and Ershiqipu ancestral temples into the management of the charitable granary.The management of the charitable granary strove to eliminate the powerful families’occupation of the charitable granary’s public property,so that the charitable granary became"the mother of local philanthropy"in Foshan.In terms of social connections,the ancestral temples centering on the belief of the Beidi,both spatially and symbolically,became the glue of public administration in Foshan.