不同物候期晚熟桃‘秋彤’微生物群落结构分析

Microbial Community Structure Analysis on Different Phenophases of Late-maturing Peach‘Snow Giant’

为探明晚熟桃‘秋彤’年生长周期的微生物群落结构,采用高通量测序技术分析不同物候期,不同部位的细菌、真菌群落组成及丰度,以期为其科学管理提供理论依据。多样性指数分析发现,桃萌芽期和幼果期各部位的细菌Shannon和Simpson指数均低于硬核期、果实膨大期和成熟期各部位,表明后期的细菌多样性较高;花期和幼果期各部位的真菌Shannon和Simpson指数均高于硬核期,表明前期的真菌多样性较高。同一部位、不同物候期真菌丰度比较发现,果实膨大期叶片和萌芽期枝条枝孢菌(桃疮痂病病原菌)丰度较高,硬核期枝条和果实链格孢菌(桃黑斑病病原菌)等丰度较高。在现有管理模式下,晚熟桃‘秋彤’果实膨大期和萌芽期受桃疮痂病危害风险较高,硬核期受黑斑病危害风险较高。

To explore the microbial community structure during the whole annual growth cycle of latematuring peach‘Snow Giant’,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the composition and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in different phenophases and parts,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management.The diversity index analysis showed that,the Shannon and Simpson indexes of the bacteria in the germination stage and the young fruit stage were lower than those in the hardcore stage,the fruit growth stage and the mature stage,indicating higher bacterial diversity in later stage.The Shannon and Simpson indexes of the fungi in the flower stage and the young fruit stage were higher than those in the hardcore stage,indicating higher fungi diversity in early stage.For fungal abundance comparison among different phenophases of the same part,the abundance of Cladosporium(scab pathogen)was higher in leaf at the fruit growth stage and branch at the germination stage.The abundance of Alternaria(black spot pathogen)was higher in branch and fruit at the hardcore stage.Under current management mode,the risk that‘Snow Giant’is infected by scab at the fruit growth stage and the germination stage is relatively high,and the risk of hardcore stage infected by black spot is relatively high.